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. 2025 Feb 7;25:194. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05507-3

Table 5.

Presence of a treatment protocol for patients with halitosis

Questions Students Universities
Fourth Year Fifth Year p value X Y p value
10. Is a treatment protocol present in the practice?
Yes 39 (30.2%) 39 (32.8%) 0.667 43 (30.5%) 35 (33.0%) 0.673
No 90 (69.8%) 80 (67.2%) 98 (69.5%) 71 (67.0%)
Total 129 (100.0%) 119 (100.0%) 141 (100.0%) 106 (100.0%)
11. Would you find the presence of a treatment protocol useful?
Yes 40 (38.8%) 45 (48.9%) 0.157 42 (34.1%)a 43 (60.6%)b < 0.001
No 63 (61.2%) 47 (51.1%) 81 (65.9%)a 28 (39.4%)b
Total 103 (100.0%) 92 (100.0%) 123 (100.0%) 71 (100.0%)

Superscripts (a, b) in the tables denote groups that are significantly different from each other based on post hoc tests with Bonferroni correction