Table 2.
Comparison of the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior constructs between and within the intervention and control groups during pregnancy in Southeast Ethiopia, 2021
| HBM and TPB constructs | Study period | HBM and TPB constructs score | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control group, Mean ± SD | Intervention group, Mean ± SD | |||
| Perceived susceptibility |
Baseline End-line P |
5.27 ± 2.2 5.46 ± 1.95 0.04 |
5.33 ± 2.48 7.43 ± 1.74 < 0.0001 |
0.80 < 0.0001 |
| Perceived severity |
Baseline End-line P |
8.05 ± 2.70) 8.57 ± 2.49) < 0.0001 |
7.34 ± 2.72 8.30 ± 2.36 < 0.0001 |
0.006 0.25 |
| Perceived Benefit |
Baseline End-line P |
11.04 ± 1.66 10.86 ± 1.79 0.10 |
11.46 ± 1.42 11.57 ± 1.22 0.07 |
0.004 < 0.0001 |
| Perceived barriers |
Baseline End-line P |
8.55 ± 2.71 9.25 ± 2.88 < 0.0001 |
8.20 ± 2.43 7.88 ± 2.54 0.02 |
0.39 < 0.0001 |
| Cues to action |
Baseline End-line P |
11.0 ± 2.61 11.61 ± 1.44 < 0.0001 |
11.65 ± 1.15 11.55 ± 1.19 0.25 |
< 0.0001 0.57 |
| Self-efficacy |
Baseline End-line P |
9.22 ± 2.07 9.55 ± 11.81 < 0.0001 |
9.93 ± 2.28 10.58 ± 1.69 < 0.0001 |
0.001 < 0.0001 |
| Attitude |
Baseline End-line P |
13.32 ± 1.66 13.61 ± 1.69 0.002 |
12.32 ± 3.84 14.23 ± 1.49 < 0.0001 |
< 0.0001 < 0.0001 |
| Subjective norm |
Baseline End-line P |
13.46 ± 1.55 13.80 ± 1.39 < 0.0001 |
12.89 ± 3.71 14.29 ± 1.51 < 0.0001 |
0.04 < 0.0001 |
| Perceived behavioral control |
Baseline End-line P |
7.48 ± 2.25 8.17 ± 1.92 < 0.0001 |
7.92 ± 2.44 9.37 ± 1.40 < 0.0001 |
0.04 < 0.0001 |
| Behavioral intention |
Baseline End-line P |
31.62 ± 3.52 32.91 ± 2.39 < 0.0001 |
30.30 ± 8.07 33.64 ± 2.71 < 0.0001 |
0.02 0.003 |
HBM: Health belief model; TPB: Theory of planned behavior; P: P-value; SD: Standard deviation