Table 2.
Chinese Nursing Work Stress Scale scores for SNIS-SMH and control groups before intervention
| Variables | Total (n = 226) |
SNIS-SMH (n = 113) |
Control (n = 113) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I. Professional and work-related issues | ||||
| Low social status of nursing work | 2.60 ± 0.75 | 2.62 ± 0.72 | 2.58 ± 0.78 | 0.658 |
| Limited opportunities for further education | 2.18 ± 0.79 | 2.21 ± 0.83 | 2.15 ± 0.76 | 0.558 |
| Low salary and other benefits | 2.28 ± 0.72 | 2.26 ± 0.74 | 2.31 ± 0.71 | 0.582 |
| Few promotion opportunities | 1.98 ± 0.73 | 1.95 ± 0.74 | 2.01 ± 0.73 | 0.526 |
| Frequent shift changes | 2.59 ± 0.87 | 2.61 ± 0.84 | 2.57 ± 0.91 | 0.703 |
| Limited independence in work | 2.01 ± 0.81 | 2.04 ± 0.82 | 1.98 ± 0.81 | 0.568 |
| Ambiguity in work division | 1.59 ± 0.58 | 1.59 ± 0.56 | 1.59 ± 0.59 | 1.000 |
| Average scores | 2.18 ± 0.46 | 2.18 ± 0.49 | 2.17 ± 0.44 | 0.822 |
| Dimensional scores | 15.23 ± 3.25 | 15.28 ± 3.40 | 15.19 ± 3.11 | 0.822 |
| II. Workload and time allocation issues | ||||
| Excessive workload | 2.25 ± 0.74 | 2.23 ± 0.76 | 2.27 ± 0.72 | 0.719 |
| Insufficient number of nurses on duty | 2.58 ± 0.83 | 2.65 ± 0.82 | 2.51 ± 0.84 | 0.230 |
| Lack of time for providing psychological care to patients | 2.82 ± 0.97 | 2.86 ± 0.98 | 2.78 ± 0.97 | 0.540 |
| Excessive non-nursing tasks | 2.55 ± 0.87 | 2.52 ± 0.84 | 2.58 ± 0.90 | 0.647 |
| Excessive paperwork | 2.45 ± 0.89 | 2.35 ± 0.82 | 2.55 ± 0.94 | 0.100 |
| Average scores | 2.53 ± 0.64 | 2.52 ± 0.61 | 2.54 ± 0.67 | 0.868 |
| Dimensional scores | 12.65 ± 3.20 | 12.61 ± 3.05 | 12.68 ± 3.35 | 0.868 |
| III. Work environment and resource issues | ||||
| Poor working environment | 2.17 ± 1.12 | 2.19 ± 1.18 | 2.15 ± 1.05 | 0.813 |
| Insufficient medical equipment and instruments | 2.23 ± 1.06 | 2.29 ± 1.07 | 2.16 ± 1.06 | 0.348 |
| Overcrowded wards | 1.94 ± 0.99 | 1.90 ± 0.93 | 1.98 ± 1.05 | 0.546 |
| Average scores | 2.11 ± 0.88 | 2.13 ± 0.87 | 2.10 ± 0.89 | 0.802 |
| Dimensional scores | 6.34 ± 2.64 | 6.38 ± 2.60 | 6.29 ± 2.68 | 0.802 |
| IV. Patient care issues | ||||
| Concern about errors and accidents in work | 2.28 ± 0.73 | 2.28 ± 0.73 | 2.28 ± 0.74 | 0.947 |
| Lack of recognition from patients and their families | 2.28 ± 0.73 | 2.28 ± 0.73 | 2.28 ± 0.74 | 1.000 |
| High severity of patients' conditions | 2.24 ± 0.71 | 2.26 ± 0.74 | 2.22 ± 0.68 | 0.708 |
| Rudeness from patients' families | 2.26 ± 0.70 | 2.27 ± 0.68 | 2.25 ± 0.71 | 0.849 |
| Excessive or unreasonable demands from patients | 2.48 ± 0.76 | 2.51 ± 0.79 | 2.44 ± 0.73 | 0.486 |
| Rudeness from patients | 2.35 ± 0.70 | 2.30 ± 0.64 | 2.39 ± 0.76 | 0.345 |
| Non-cooperation from patients | 2.38 ± 0.67 | 2.34 ± 0.69 | 2.43 ± 0.64 | 0.272 |
| Insufficient knowledge to meet patients' and families' psychological needs | 2.31 ± 0.66 | 2.31 ± 0.64 | 2.30 ± 0.68 | 0.920 |
| Lack of knowledge related to patient education | 2.17 ± 0.62 | 2.16 ± 0.61 | 2.18 ± 0.63 | 0.830 |
| Concern that nursing procedures may cause patient pain | 2.01 ± 0.64 | 1.97 ± 0.60 | 2.05 ± 0.68 | 0.353 |
| Sudden death of patients under care | 2.12 ± 0.76 | 2.12 ± 0.79 | 2.13 ± 0.73 | 0.861 |
| Average scores | 2.20 ± 0.43 | 2.19 ± 0.40 | 2.21 ± 0.47 | 0.803 |
| Dimensional scores | 24.19 ± 4.78 | 24.11 ± 4.38 | 24.27 ± 5.16 | 0.803 |
| V. Management and interpersonal relationship issues | ||||
| Lack of understanding and respect from other healthcare staff | 1.87 ± 0.72 | 1.86 ± 0.71 | 1.88 ± 0.73 | 0.853 |
| Insufficient understanding and support from nursing managers | 1.59 ± 0.58 | 1.58 ± 0.58 | 1.60 ± 0.58 | 0.818 |
| Excessive criticism from nursing managers | 1.51 ± 0.51 | 1.50 ± 0.50 | 1.51 ± 0.52 | 0.897 |
| Excessive scrutiny from doctors regarding nursing work | 1.57 ± 0.53 | 1.58 ± 0.55 | 1.56 ± 0.52 | 0.708 |
| Lack of understanding and support among colleagues | 1.50 ± 0.58 | 1.49 ± 0.57 | 1.51 ± 0.58 | 0.730 |
| Conflicts with nursing managers | 1.35 ± 0.48 | 1.34 ± 0.47 | 1.36 ± 0.48 | 0.677 |
| Difficult working relationships with certain ward nurses | 1.40 ± 0.49 | 1.42 ± 0.50 | 1.39 ± 0.49 | 0.686 |
| Conflicts with doctors | 1.39 ± 0.50 | 1.40 ± 0.51 | 1.39 ± 0.49 | 0.894 |
| Lack of a cooperative and friendly atmosphere among colleagues | 1.42 ± 0.53 | 1.43 ± 0.53 | 1.41 ± 0.53 | 0.707 |
| Average scores | 1.51 ± 0.37 | 1.51 ± 0.41 | 1.51 ± 0.34 | 0.984 |
| Dimensional scores | 13.61 ± 3.37 | 13.60 ± 3.66 | 13.61 ± 3.07 | 0.984 |
| Total average scores | 2.06 ± 0.36 | 2.06 ± 0.37 | 2.06 ± 0.35 | 0.975 |
| Total scores | 72.01 ± 12.51 | 71.98 ± 12.79 | 72.04 ± 12.29 | 0.975 |
SNIS-SMH smart nursing information system based on 5G medical private network and supporting mobile hardware, SD standard deviation