Table 3.
The impact of SNIS-SMH usage on nurses’ work stress after 11 months
| Variables | Total (n = 226) |
SNIS-SMH (n = 113) |
Control (n = 113) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I. Professional and work-related issues | ||||
| Low social status of nursing work | 2.54 ± 0.79 | 2.48 ± 0.81 | 2.60 ± 0.76 | 0.239 |
| Limited opportunities for further education | 2.16 ± 0.79 | 2.14 ± 0.78 | 2.19 ± 0.81 | 0.675 |
| Low salary and other benefits | 2.15 ± 0.71 | 2.06 ± 0.72 | 2.24 ± 0.68 | 0.060 |
| Few promotion opportunities | 1.95 ± 0.70 | 1.94 ± 0.74 | 1.96 ± 0.67 | 0.777 |
| Frequent shift changes | 2.57 ± 0.87 | 2.59 ± 0.84 | 2.54 ± 0.90 | 0.647 |
| Limited independence in work | 1.76 ± 0.77 | 1.58 ± 0.70 | 1.95 ± 0.79 | < 0.001*** |
| Ambiguity in work division | 1.45 ± 0.52 | 1.38 ± 0.52 | 1.52 ± 0.52 | 0.042* |
| Average scores | 2.08 ± 0.39 | 2.02 ± 0.34 | 2.14 ± 0.44 | 0.023* |
| Dimensional scores | 14.58 ± 2.76 | 14.17 ± 2.37 | 15.00 ± 3.06 | 0.023* |
| II. Workload and time allocation issues | ||||
| Excessive workload | 2.05 ± 0.68 | 1.93 ± 0.68 | 2.18 ± 0.67 | 0.006** |
| Insufficient number of nurses on duty | 2.52 ± 0.82 | 2.51 ± 0.83 | 2.52 ± 0.82 | 0.936 |
| Lack of time for providing psychological care to patients | 2.40 ± 0.92 | 2.07 ± 0.75 | 2.73 ± 0.97 | < 0.001*** |
| Excessive non-nursing tasks | 2.36 ± 0.86 | 2.08 ± 0.70 | 2.64 ± 0.92 | < 0.001*** |
| Excessive paperwork | 2.16 ± 0.80 | 1.96 ± 0.65 | 2.35 ± 0.89 | 0.001** |
| Average scores | 2.30 ± 0.53 | 2.11 ± 0.49 | 2.48 ± 0.51 | < 0.001*** |
| Dimensional scores | 11.49 ± 2.66 | 10.56 ± 2.45 | 12.42 ± 2.55 | < 0.001*** |
| III. Work environment and resource issues | ||||
| Poor working environment | 1.92 ± 1.08 | 1.81 ± 1.15 | 2.04 ± 0.99 | 0.123 |
| Insufficient medical equipment and instruments | 2.11 ± 1.08 | 2.14 ± 1.12 | 2.08 ± 1.04 | 0.666 |
| Overcrowded wards | 1.95 ± 1.15 | 1.94 ± 1.14 | 1.96 ± 1.16 | 0.908 |
| Average scores | 1.99 ± 0.85 | 1.96 ± 0.87 | 2.02 ± 0.82 | 0.602 |
| Dimensional scores | 5.98 ± 2.54 | 5.89 ± 2.62 | 6.07 ± 2.47 | 0.602 |
| IV. Patient care issues | ||||
| Concern about errors and accidents in work | 2.04 ± 0.64 | 1.94 ± 0.52 | 2.13 ± 0.73 | 0.022* |
| Lack of recognition from patients and their families | 2.13 ± 0.69 | 2.15 ± 0.71 | 2.11 ± 0.67 | 0.631 |
| High severity of patients' conditions | 2.24 ± 0.72 | 2.22 ± 0.69 | 2.26 ± 0.74 | 0.711 |
| Rudeness from patients' families | 2.42 ± 0.75 | 2.44 ± 0.80 | 2.39 ± 0.69 | 0.593 |
| Excessive or unreasonable demands from patients | 2.26 ± 0.70 | 2.15 ± 0.62 | 2.36 ± 0.76 | 0.022* |
| Rudeness from patients | 2.37 ± 0.69 | 2.30 ± 0.69 | 2.43 ± 0.69 | 0.151 |
| Non-cooperation from patients | 2.30 ± 0.66 | 2.26 ± 0.64 | 2.34 ± 0.68 | 0.363 |
| Insufficient knowledge to meet patients' and families' psychological needs | 2.02 ± 0.52 | 1.94 ± 0.43 | 2.10 ± 0.58 | 0.020* |
| Lack of knowledge related to patient education | 1.80 ± 0.64 | 1.69 ± 0.57 | 1.90 ± 0.69 | 0.013* |
| Concern that nursing procedures may cause patient pain | 2.00 ± 0.68 | 1.94 ± 0.63 | 2.07 ± 0.73 | 0.145 |
| Sudden death of patients under care | 1.57 ± 0.64 | 1.52 ± 0.58 | 1.61 ± 0.70 | 0.303 |
| Average scores | 2.10 ± 0.34 | 2.05 ± 0.30 | 2.15 ± 0.37 | 0.021* |
| Dimensional scores | 23.12 ± 3.76 | 22.55 ± 3.34 | 23.70 ± 4.06 | 0.021* |
| V. Management and interpersonal relationship issues | ||||
| Lack of understanding and respect from other healthcare staff | 1.77 ± 0.67 | 1.72 ± 0.67 | 1.81 ± 0.66 | 0.275 |
| Insufficient understanding and support from nursing managers | 1.55 ± 0.55 | 1.55 ± 0.57 | 1.56 ± 0.53 | 0.904 |
| Excessive criticism from nursing managers | 1.52 ± 0.51 | 1.49 ± 0.50 | 1.55 ± 0.52 | 0.362 |
| Excessive scrutiny from doctors regarding nursing work | 1.43 ± 0.50 | 1.34 ± 0.47 | 1.52 ± 0.50 | 0.005** |
| Lack of understanding and support among colleagues | 1.45 ± 0.54 | 1.47 ± 0.57 | 1.43 ± 0.52 | 0.624 |
| Conflicts with nursing managers | 1.34 ± 0.47 | 1.31 ± 0.46 | 1.37 ± 0.49 | 0.328 |
| Difficult working relationships with certain ward nurses | 1.38 ± 0.49 | 1.39 ± 0.49 | 1.38 ± 0.49 | 0.892 |
| Conflicts with doctors | 1.43 ± 0.57 | 1.39 ± 0.51 | 1.48 ± 0.63 | 0.245 |
| Lack of a cooperative and friendly atmosphere among colleagues | 1.35 ± 0.48 | 1.35 ± 0.48 | 1.36 ± 0.48 | 0.782 |
| Average scores | 1.47 ± 0.34 | 1.44 ± 0.31 | 1.50 ± 0.36 | 0.237 |
| Dimensional scores | 13.23 ± 3.03 | 12.99 ± 2.81 | 13.47 ± 3.24 | 0.237 |
| Total average score | 1.95 ± 0.31 | 1.89 ± 0.28 | 2.02 ± 0.32 | 0.002** |
| Total scores | 68.41 ± 10.81 | 66.16 ± 9.82 | 70.65 ± 11.32 | 0.002** |
Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation
SNIS-SMH smart nursing information system based on 5G medical private network and supporting mobile hardware
*p < 0.05
**p < 0.01
***p < 0.001