Table 3.

Summary of ZIF-based nanocomposites applied in cancer treatment.

MOF type	Loading materials	Nanocomplexes	Cells and animal models	Functionality	Refs
ZIF-7	5-Fu, Mn2+	AMD-ZIF-7(Mn)/5-Fu	K-150 cells K-150 cells BALB/c nude mice	Chemotherapy, MRI, targeting	[53]
ZIF-8	DOX	DOX-Pt-tipped Au@ZIF-8	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	Chemotherapy, PDT, PTT	[151]
	DOX, ICG, bubble generator (NH4HCO3, ABC)	IDa-PRMSs@ZF	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	Chemotherapy, PDT, PTT, targeting	[152]
	Rapamycin	Rapa@ZIF-8	Doxorubicin resistant MCF-7 cells (MCF-7/ADR cells) MCF-7/ADR-xenografted NOD/SCID mice	Chemotherapy, autophagy	[153]
	CCM	PDA-coated curcumin-involved 2D nanosheets (CMPD NSs)	HeLa, MCF-7 cells HeLa tumor-bearing mice	Chemo-photothermal-PAI	[77]
	Mitoxantrone (MIT), DNA demethylating agent hydralazine (HYD)	(M + H)@ZIF/HA NPs	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor model	Chemotherapy, apoptosis-pyroptosis-based immunotherapy	[154]
	Methylene blue (MB), CAT	PDA-MB-CAT-ZIF-8(PMCZ)	HeLa cells HeLa tumor-bearing mice	PTT, PDT	[155]
	CuS, aPD-1	CuS/Z@M4T1	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	PTT, immunotherapy, ion therapy, targeting	[156]
	Phycocyanin	MPEG2000-ZIF/PC composites (PMs)	Patient-derived cancer cells (P3DCC cells) bladder tumor tissue-derived PDX BALB/c nude mice mouse	PDT, alleviates intratumoral hypoxia	[157]
	PD-L1 siRNA, IR792, mesoporous carbon nanocomposite (MCN)	IR792-MCN@ZIF-8-PD-L1 siRNA(IM@ZP)	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	PTT, gene therapy, immunotherapy	[158]
	Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4)-inhibitor (+)-JQ1 and iron-supplement ferric ammonium citrate -loaded gold nanorods (GNRs)	GNRs@JF/ZIF-8	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	PTT, ferroptosis	[159]
	Ce6, DNAzyme	Ce6-DNAzyme@ZIF-8	MCF-7 cells MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice	PDT, gene silencing	[160]
	5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), DNAzyme	ALA&Dz@ZIF-PEG	MCF-7 cells MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice	PDT, immunotherapy, regulate metabolism, targeting	[161]
	GOx, chloroperoxidase (CPO)	GCZM	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	Immunotherapy, starvation therapy, targeting	[162]
	g-C3N4-Au (CA)	CO2-g-C3N4-Au@ZIF-8@F127 (CCAZF)	4T1 cells 4T1-bearing bilateral tumor model in BALB/c mice	Immunotherapy, gas therapy	[163]
	GOx, glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) mRNA-cleaving DNAzyme	HZ@GD	B16F10 cells B16‐F10 tumor‐bearing C57BL/6 mice	Inhibit glycolysis, starvation therapy, ion therapy, targeting	[94]
	QCSG, HMME	QCSG/HA DA/ZDH(QH/ZDH)	H22 cells subcutaneous hepatic carcinoma (HCC) BALB/c mice	Sonodynamic therapy (SDT), hemostasis, targeting	[164]
	GSNO, Ce6	GSNO/Ce6@ZIF-8@Cytomembrane	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	Gas-sonodynamic combined therapy, targeting	[165]
ZIF-8, MIL-88B	DOX, MnOx	hM@ZMDF	MCF-7, HepG-2 cells	Chemotherapy, CDT, targeting	[166]
ZIF-8, ZIF-67	GOx, CuCo(O) nanozyme	CuCo(O)/GOx@PCNs	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	PTT, immunotherapy, starvation therapy	[167]
ZIF-67	DOX, CuSe	ZIF-67@CuSe@PVP@DOX	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	Chemotherapy, PTT	[56]
	DOX, CaO2	CaO2@DOX@ZIF-67	MCF-7 cells MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice	Chemotherapy /CDT	[57]
ZIF-82	–	ZIF-82-PVP	RM-1 cells RM-1 tumor-bearing mice	X-ray-induced nitrosative stress, autophagy	[49]
	Ferrous cysteine-phosphotungstate (FeCysPW), catalase DNAzyme (CAT Dz),	FeCysPW@ZIF-82@CAT Dz	HeLa cells HeLa tumor-bearing mice	CDT, redox dyshomeostasis strategy	[50]
	BER	UC-ZIF/BER	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	Gas therapy, ion therapy	[48]
ZIF-90	DOX, DAPT	ZIF-90@DOX-HSA@DAPT-PEG-tLyP-1	HCCLM3 cells, CSCs enriched from HCCLM3 cells HCCLM3 xenograft model	Chemotherapy, deep tumor-penetrating	[168]
	5-Fu	APT-Mn-ZIF-90/5-Fu	MCF-7 cells MCF-7 tumor-bearing mice	Chemotherapy, MRI, targeting	[102]
	Gem, IR780, Pt	Pt@ZIF-90@Gem@IR780 nanoplatforms (denoted as PZGI NPs)	BxPC-3 cells BxPC-3 tumor-bearing mice	Chemotherapy, SDT, targeting	[169]
	MB, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1	PTB@ZIF-90/MB	CT26 cells CT26 tumor-bearing mice	PTT, PDT	[170]
	Ce6, CaO2, Fe	CaO2@ZIF-Fe/Ce6@PEG	4T1 cells 4T1 tumor-bearing mice	PDT, CDT	[171]
	RNase A-NBC, CRISPR/Cas9	ZIF-90/RNase A-NBC	HeLa cells	Protein therapy, gene therapy	[172]