TABLE 2.

Characteristics of biomarkers used for immunohistochemistry.

Marker	Clone	Manufacturer	Interpretation
CD8	C8/144B	DAKO	A T-cell marker that detects cytotoxic/suppressor cells in lymphocytes; also found on NK-cells
CD68	KP1	DAKO	Lysosomal membrane glycoproteins expressed on monocyte-macrophage cells
CD163	MRQ-26	Cell Marque	Acute phase regulatory transmembrane protein that induces signaling and is found only in cells of monocytic origin
STAT6	EP325	Cell Marque	A transcription factor involved in signaling pathways associated with immune responses, including macrophage polarization and Th2 cell differentiation; STAT6 is activated by cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13
SMAD 4	JM56	Novocastra	A protein that plays an important role in the signaling pathway activated by TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta). It is a central mediator of signaling in this pathway and is involved in the regulation of cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, and immune response and inflammation