Table 3. Association between independent and dependent variables.
| Variable | Level of anxiety | Kruskal- Wallis test | Ordinal logistic regression | |||||
| Minimal | Mild | Moderate | Severe | P value | Parameter estimate (β) | OR | Significance | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 48 (20.6%) | 70 (30%) | 49 (21%) | 66 (28.3%) | <0.001* | −0.97 | 0.37 | <0.001 |
| Female | 15 (8.95%) | 39 (23.2%) | 38 (22.6%) | 76 (45.2%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Age | ||||||||
| 14–15 | 41 (15.7%) | 71 (27.6%) | 58 (22.6%) | 88 (34.2%) | 0.809 | 0.11 | 1.11 | 0.666 |
| 16–17 | 23 (16.1%) | 38 (26.6%) | 29 (20.3%) | 53 (37.1%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Grade | ||||||||
| Grade 9 | 27 (13.0%) | 58 (28.0%) | 51 (24.6%) | 71 (34.3%) | 0.601 | 0.17 | 1.19 | 0.483 |
| Grade 10 | 36 (18.6%) | 51 (26.3%) | 36 (18.6%) | 71 (36.6%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Started using SM | ||||||||
| ≤10 years | 10 (6.5%) | 41 (26.6%) | 39 (25.3%) | 64 (41.6%) | 0.002 | −0.02 | 0.97 | 0.962 |
| 11–13 years | 42 (19.4%) | 64 (29.5%) | 43 (19.8%) | 68 (31.3%) | −0.02 | 0.97 | 0.954 | |
| ≥14 years | 11 (36.7%) | 4 (13.3%) | 5 (16.7%) | 10 (33.3%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Frequency of SM use | ||||||||
| Less than 4 times/day | 40 (40.0%) | 44 (44.0%) | 12 (12.0%) | 4 (4.0%) | <0.001* | −1.10 | 0.33 | 0.008 |
| 4–7 times/day | 22 (11.3%) | 57 (29.2%) | 50 (25.6%) | 66 (33.8%) | −0.57 | 0.56 | 0.055 | |
| More than 7 times/day | 1 (0.9%) | 8 (7.51%) | 25 (23.6%) | 72 (67.9%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Duration of SM use | ||||||||
| Less than 1 hour/day | 32 (53.3%) | 23 (38.3%) | 3 (5.0%) | 2 (3.3%) | <0.001* | −4.17 | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| 1–4 hours/day | 28 (21.2%) | 68 (51.5%) | 33 (25.0%) | 3 (2.3%) | −3.40 | 0.03 | <0.001 | |
| 4–8 hours/day | 3 (1.7%) | 16 (9.1%) | 46 (26.3%) | 110 (62.9%) | −0.70 | 0.49 | 0.151 | |
| More than 8 hours/day | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (5.9%) | 5 (14.7%) | 27 (79.4%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Day without SM use | ||||||||
| No | 24 (8.4%) | 59 (20.6%) | 74 (25.8%) | 130 (45.3%) | <0.001* | 0.14 | 1.15 | 0.585 |
| Yes | 39 (34.2%) | 50 (43.9%) | 13 (11.4%) | 12 (10.5%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Anxious due to SM | ||||||||
| No | 48 (35.0%) | 54 (39.4%) | 23 (16.8%) | 12 (8.8%) | <0.001* | −1.05 | 0.34 | <0.001 |
| Yes | 15 (5.7%) | 55 (20.8%) | 64 (24.2%) | 130 (49.2%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Shared SM accounts | ||||||||
| No | 51 (20.5%) | 79 (31.7%) | 51 (20.5%) | 68 (27.3%) | <0.001* | −0.09 | 0.90 | 0.669 |
| Yes | 12 (7.9%) | 30 (19.7%) | 36 (23.7%) | 74 (48.7%) | 0a | – | – | |
| Took breaks from SM | ||||||||
| No | 35 (31.8%) | 43 (39.1%) | 14 (12.7%) | 18 (16.4%) | <0.001* | −0.10 | 0.89 | 0.667 |
| Yes | 28 (9.6%) | 66 (22.7%) | 73 (25.1%) | 124 (42.6%) | 0a | – | – | |
0a: reference.
*
P value <0.001=highly significant; 0=reference; Confidence Interval .
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