Table 1.
Results from Simulations Performed to Assess Impact of Uninformative Sibling Pairs on Linkage Analysis for Different Test Statistics[Note]
|
Difference between Test Statisticsb by % Uninformative |
||||||||
| 5% |
10% |
25% |
50% |
|||||
| Simulationand TestStatistica | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE |
| 1: | ||||||||
| NPL | .1699 | .0488 | .3461 | .0815 | .8379 | .1400 | 1.4854 | .2458 |
| Z-lin | .0004 | .0052 | −.0006 | .0076 | −.0006 | .0135 | −.0004 | .0241 |
| Z-exp | .0004 | .0054 | −.0006 | .0079 | −.0008 | .0141 | −.0007 | .0251 |
| MLS-gh | .0012 | .0170 | −.0018 | .0244 | −.0028 | .0396 | −.0024 | .0591 |
| MLS-ndv | .0012 | .0165 | −.0018 | .0236 | −.0023 | .0380 | −.0019 | .0566 |
| MLS-aspex | .0395 | .1582 | .0412 | .2232 | .1219 | .3589 | .2583 | .5198 |
| 2: | ||||||||
| NPL | .1084 | .0449 | .2176 | .0718 | .5214 | .1312 | .9361 | .2618 |
| Z-lin | .0004 | .0061 | .0000 | .0087 | .0025 | .0163 | .0001 | .0284 |
| Z-exp | .0003 | .0061 | .0000 | .0087 | .0025 | .0165 | −.0003 | .0286 |
| MLS-gh | .0008 | .0117 | .0003 | .0165 | .0051 | .0303 | .0010 | .0431 |
| MLS-ndv | .0008 | .0114 | .0003 | .0162 | .0049 | .0292 | .0010 | .0431 |
| MLS-aspex | .0189 | .1054 | .0268 | .1496 | .1003 | .2762 | .1182 | .3809 |
| 3: | ||||||||
| NPL | .1323 | .0491 | .2641 | .0754 | .6309 | .1418 | 1.0807 | .2613 |
| Z-lin | .0002 | .0069 | −.0005 | .0094 | −.0022 | .0152 | −.0038 | .0267 |
| Z-exp | .0002 | .0070 | −.0005 | .0096 | −.0023 | .0155 | −.0039 | .0272 |
| MLS-gh | .0009 | .0159 | −.0008 | .0224 | −.0039 | .0319 | −.0059 | .0469 |
| MLS-ndv | .0009 | .0154 | −.0007 | .0216 | −.0036 | .0307 | −.0056 | .0448 |
| MLS-aspex | .0250 | .1450 | .0267 | .2032 | .0479 | .2918 | .0962 | .4135 |
| 4: | ||||||||
| NPL | .0073 | .0236 | .0141 | .0442 | .0489 | .1180 | .0947 | .2176 |
| Z-lin | −.0005 | .0039 | −.0016 | .0069 | −.0009 | .0138 | −.0018 | .0195 |
| Z-exp | −.0006 | .0052 | −.0014 | .0083 | −.0008 | .0156 | −.0007 | .0265 |
| MLS-gh | −.0002 | .0024 | −.0003 | .0031 | −.0003 | .0056 | −.0006 | .0094 |
| MLS-ndv | −.0003 | .0023 | −.0003 | .0029 | −.0003 | .0052 | −.0009 | .0085 |
| MLS-aspex | −.0025 | .0220 | −.0028 | .0330 | .0007 | .0541 | −.0050 | .0870 |
| 5: | ||||||||
| NPL | .2288 | .0741 | .4364 | .0953 | 1.0399 | .1568 | 1.8594 | .2205 |
| Z-lin | −.0003 | .0055 | −.0006 | .0080 | .0000 | .0151 | .0026 | .0242 |
| Z-exp | −.0003 | .0060 | −.0006 | .0087 | .0001 | .0163 | .0027 | .0262 |
| MLS-gh | −.0011 | .0241 | −.0025 | .0342 | .0002 | .0580 | .0079 | .0767 |
| MLS-ndv | −.0011 | .0233 | −.0024 | .0327 | .0002 | .0565 | .0074 | .0743 |
| MLS-aspex | .0414 | .2305 | .0737 | .3223 | .2442 | .5281 | .5341 | .6792 |
| 6: | ||||||||
| NPL | .1128 | .0400 | .2175 | .0632 | .5218 | .1386 | .9335 | .2714 |
| Z-lin | −.0008 | .0061 | −.0017 | .0091 | −.0021 | .0149 | −.0016 | .0266 |
| Z-exp | −.0008 | .0062 | −.0017 | .0092 | −.0021 | .0151 | −.0015 | .0268 |
| MLS-gh | −.0018 | .0124 | −.0039 | .0190 | −.0029 | .0281 | −.0006 | .0411 |
| MLS-ndv | −.0018 | .0121 | −.0038 | .0183 | −.0028 | .0270 | −.0008 | .0398 |
| MLS-aspex | −.0060 | .1113 | −.0121 | .1701 | .0324 | .2543 | .1104 | .3713 |
Note.— Means and SEs of test statistic are given over 100 replicates.
Test statistics considered were as follows: NPL = NPL statistic calculated using Allegro; Z-lin = allele-sharing statistic Zlr calculated under linear model, by use of Allegro; Z-exp = allele-sharing statistic Zlr calculated under exponential model, by use of Allegro; MLS-gh = MLS statistic (“loglike”) calculated using estimate command in Genehunter; MLS-ndv = MLS statistic (“loglike”) calculated using estimate command, with no dominance variance in Genehunter; and MLS-aspex = MLS statistic on 2 df, calculated using ASPEX.
The difference between the test statistic achieved when uninformative pairs are removed from the analysis and that achieved when they are kept in the analysis