Table 1.

Summary of Linkage Results, Assuming Homogeneity, of a Genomewide Scan for 16 Families with ADHD^[Note]

Family IDand Chromosome	Closest Marker	Location(cM)	Parametric Two-Point LODa	Parametric Multipoint MLSb(Location in cM)	Two-Point NPLb,c
F9:
4q13.2	D4S2367	78	2.56	.62 (78)	2.7
5q33.3	D5S1480	159	1.45	2.41 (159)	1.6
8q11.23	D8S1110	67	3.22	.96 (74)	1.9
F8:
11q22	D11S1998	113	2.62	2.45 (121)	4.0
F14:
17p11	D17S799	32	1.98	2.829 (12)	3.0

Note.— The appropriate adjustment of significance values has to be taken into account because of multiple comparisons. For a LOD score >3, a simulation study with 10,000 replicates for an unlinked marker in these 16 families results in a posterior rate of false positives of 0.000. Therefore, critical values, as described by Lander and Kruglyak (1995), might be used to consider the significance of linkage. However, because of the heterogeneity pattern exhibited in the 16 families, an adjustment that uses the Bonferroni correction should be taken into account. Two-point LOD scores >2.0, NPL E-STAT −log (P value) >2.0, and MLSs >2.0 are shown, illustrating regions with suggestive linkage and concordance between different methods. Results after combining the whole set of families, assuming heterogeneity, are presented in the “Results” section. No value >2.0 was found in the combined families. (See also fig. 2.)

^aEstimated with FASTLINK; θ=0.0.

^bEstimated with SIMWALK2.

^c−log (P value) E-STAT.