Table 2.
Comparison of aggregate primary and secondary outcomes between cohorts
| Outcome | Pre-intervention n = 147 |
Post-intervention n = 169 |
P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total days of therapy, median (IQR) | 10 (7.5 – 14) | 7 (7 – 10) | < 0.01 | |
| Received seven days of therapy, n (%) | 19 (12.9) | 98 (58) | < 0.01 | |
| Initial use of intravenous therapy, n (%) | 146 (99.3) | 164 (97) | 0.14 | |
| Use of oral switch therapy, n (%) | Any oral agent | 85 (57.8) | 122 (72.2) | <0.05 |
| Beta-lactam | 42 (28.6) | 45 (26.6) | 0.70 | |
| Fluoroquinolone | 33 (22.4) | 63 (37.3) | < 0.05 | |
| Cefdinir | 21 (14.3) | 7 (4.1) | <0.01 | |
| TMP-SMX | 10 (6.8) | 13 (7.7) | 0.76 | |
| Amoxicillin | 8 (5.4) | 2 (1.2) | < 0.05 | |
| Cephalexin | 6 (4.1) | 26 (15.4) | < 0.01 | |
| Amoxicillin-clavulanate | 7 (4.8) | 10 (5.9) | 0.65 | |
| Other oral agent a | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | N/A | |
| Days to oral switch, mean (SD) | 4.8 (2.4) | 4.5 (3.7) | < 0.05 | |
| Use of repeat blood cultures, n (%) | Repeat blood cultures collected | 74 (50.3) | 51 (30.2) | < 0.01 |
| Positive repeat blood cultures for same gram-negative pathogen | 3 (2) | 4 (2.4) | 0.84 | |
| Cases with repeat blood cultures positive for a contaminant organism | 7 (4.8) | 3 (1.8) | 0.13 | |
| Length of hospitalization, median (IQR) | 5 (3–10) | 4 (3–8) | 0.15 | |
| 90-day incidence of C. difficile infection, n (%) | 7 (4.8) | 1 (0.6) | < 0.05 | |
| 90-day rehospitalization, n (%) | 49 (33.3) | 56 (33.1) | 0.97 | |
| 90-day recurrence of GN-BSI, n (%) | 2 (1.4) | 3 (1.8) | 0.57 | |
| 90-day mortality, n (%) | 21 (14.3) | 13 (7.7) | 0.06 | |
n, number of members; %, percentage of sample size; IQR, interquartile ratio; SD, standard deviation; GN-BSI, gram-negative bloodstream infection.
a
Fosfomycin (n = 1).