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. 2025 Feb 2;10(5):4561–4568. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c08452

Table 1. Comparison of kLa with Published Studies.

Microbubble generator Maximum reported kLa (h–1) Pressure drop (kPa) Reference
vortex impeller-based aeration 10.5 complete regime (see the cited reference for more details) (20)
vortex aerator 2.7 150 (21)
multistage vortex aerator 25 150
venturi bubble generator 20 400 (22)
vortex sparger 11 60 (11)
upper venturi 10 170
lower venturi 11 240
vortex-based hydrodynamic cavitation 70 250 this study