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. 2024 Dec 18;11(1):e41370. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e41370

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

Settlement process of the nanoparticles. (a): sample from the cooling tower after the experiment; b: sample after ultrasonication; c to h: samples from the cooling tower every 12 days; i: nanofluid without surfactant showing complete settlement).