Table 1.

Adverse events outcomes.

Year	Reporting agency	Adverse events outcomes (measures and sources)
2015	WHO, U.S. Reports	12 million adverse events in the U.S.; ~10% of hospitalized patients in high-income countries were affected. (Source: WHO, Makary and Daniel, 2016)
2016	WHO	134 million adverse events globally, primarily in LMICs. (Source: WHO, 2019)
2017	WHO	134 million adverse events globally. (Source: WHO, 2029)
2018	OECD	15% of all hospital expenditures were linked to adverse events. (Source: OECD Report, 2018)
2019	NHS	1.8 million adverse events were reported in English hospitals. (Source: NHS, 2019)
2020	WHO	Adverse events increased due to COVID-19, with 134 million annually. (Source: WHO, 2020)
2021	WHO	10%−12% of patients in high-income countries experienced adverse events. (Source: WHO, 2024)
2022	WHO	10% of patients in high-income countries experienced adverse events. (Source: WHO, 2024)
2023	WHO	Continued high rates of adverse events were reported. (Source: WHO, 2024)
2024	WHO	Projected 134 million adverse events globally. (Source: WHO, 2024)