Figure 4.

Autophagy inhibition enhances vortioxetine-induced apoptosis in GBM cells

A172, U251, and T98G cells were treated with vortioxetine alone or in combination with 3-MA for 72 hr. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK8 assay (A). A172, U251, and T98G cells were treated with vortioxetine alone or in combination with CQ for 72 hr. Cell viability was determined using the CCK8 assay (B). Apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometric analysis (C-D).

GBM: Glioblastoma multiforme; CCK8: Cell Counting Kit-8; CQ: Chloroquine