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. 2025 Feb 17;13:127. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02470-0

Table 1.

Sociodemographic Information of the participants (N = 989)

Characteristics σ/n(%)
Age 16.1 ± 0.8
Sex Male 353(35.7%)
Female 636(64.3%)
Only-child status Yes 83(8.4%)
No 906(91.6%)
Residential area Rural 719(72.7%)
Urban 270(27.3%)
Left-behind experience Left-behind experience 166(16.8%)
No left-behind experience 823(83.2%)
Perceived family income High 14(1.4%)
Medium 899(90.9%)
Low 76(7.7%)
Relationship with parents Discordant parent-child relationship 58(5.9%)
Harmonious parent-child relationship 931(94.1%)
The marital relationship of the parents Discordant parental relationship 12(12.3%)
Harmonious parental relationship 867(87.7%)