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. 2025 Feb 3;19:1471433. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1471433

FIGURE 4.

FIGURE 4

Music repairs the “PFC-Hip-Amy” circuit to cure NPDs. MT treats NPDs by regulating neurotransmitters, glutamatergic system, intestinal flora, inflammatory factors, endogenous opioid peptide system, and indirectly repairs the structure and function of the “PFC-Hip-Amy” circuit.