Proposed transformations of toluene (A) and o-xylene (B) catalyzed by ToMO and PH. The thickness of the arrows is roughly proportional to the relative abundance of each species. The possible catabolic fate of the hydroxylation products through the meta pathway is also shown. HMSD, 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase which produces NADH; HMSH, 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde hydrolase which produces acetate (12); o-C, o-cresol; m-C, m-cresol; p-C, p-cresol.