TABLE A1.
Refractive index values
| Immersion, growth, or transport medium | Refractive indexa (reference or source) |
|---|---|
| Air | 1.000 (2) |
| Water | 1.333 (2) |
| Methanol | 1.329 (48) |
| Acetonitrile | 1.344 (48) |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide | 1.479 (48) |
| Glycerol (80% [vol/vol] aqueousb; 100%) | 1.451 (35), 1.472 (35, 48) |
| Mineral oilb | 1.518 (manufacturer) |
| Polyvinyl alcohol | 1.38-1.40 (35) |
| HEPES buffer, 10 mM (pH 7.4) | 1.332 (50) |
| Defined aqueous bufferc | 1.337 (45) |
| Citric acid (1% [wt/vol] aqueous) | 1.33 (2) |
| Sucrose solution (1%, 20%, 50% [wt/vol] | |
| aqueous) | 1.33, 1.36, 1.42 (2) |
| Sodium chloride solution (1%, 5% | |
| [wt/vol] aqueous) | 1.33, 1.34 (2) |
| Biological structures (hydrated) | |
| Liposomes, vesicles, lipid bilayersd | 1.42-1.45 (3) |
| Viruses, bacteria, diatoms | 1.36-1.38 (47) |
| Carbon-storage polymerse | 1.4-1.5 (48) |
| Tissue culture cells | 1.33-1.37 (35) |
| Porous media (dry) | |
| Mesoporous silica | 1.14 (43) |
| Silica microspheres | 1.37-1.46 |
| Glass microspheres | |
| Soda lime | 1.474 (48) |
| Borosilicate | 1.465 (48), 1.52 (2) |
| Porous borosilicate | 1.37 (48) |
| Poly(methylmethacrylate) | 1.49 (41) |
| Polyethyleneg | 1.50 (8), 1.58 (8) |
| Polystyrene microspheresf | 1.565 (16), 1.592 (16) |
| Amorphous fluoropolymers (dry) | |
| Nafion | 1.37 (manufacturer) |
| 1.35 (this study) | |
| Teflon AF | 1.29 (1), 1.31 (1)h |
| Teflon FEP | 1.34 (1) |
| CYTOPi | 1.34 (12) |
| Fluorinated polystyrene microspheresf | 1.366 (26) |
Relative to air; conditions were 589 nm and 25°C unless stated otherwise; values are quoted to a maximum of three decimal places, as available.
Microscopy immersion medium (80% glycerol or synthetic immersion oil). Source of mineral oil: Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany.
Buffer A (100 mM Tricine/NaOH, pH 7.4, 75 mM NaCl, 1 mM EDTA, 1 mM EGTA, 1 mM NaN3, and 0.1 mM ouabain).
Estimated values.
Polyesters, e.g., poly(hydroxyalkanoates).
Latex beads; value 1 is valid for 55-nm and 144-nm beads, and value 2 is valid for 1.70-μm beads.
Values are for planar films and refer to high-density and low-density polyethylene, respectively.
Two separate values refer to structurally different forms according to molecular weight: Teflon AF 1600 and Teflon AF 2400, respectively.
CYTOP was from Asahi Glass Company, Japan.