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. 2025 Feb 18;25:80. doi: 10.1186/s12871-025-02959-6

Table 2.

LSEQ and VAS-A scores

Group C Group Z Z/t P
GTS 47.34 ± 4.65 74.32 ± 7.18 19.433 0.000**
QOS 46.16 ± 5.91 73.68 ± 7.84 17.281 0.000**
AFS 54.47 ± 2.45 55.34 ± 2.27 1.604 0.113
BFW 55.000(3.0) 55.000(4.0) -0.671 0.502
VAS-A 4.000(1.0) 4.000(1.0) -3.530 0.000**

Notes: Values are mean ± SD and median (IQR). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Abbreviations: AFS, awakening from sleep; BFW, behavior following wakefulness; Group C, control group; Group Z, zolpidem group; GTS, the ease of getting to sleep; LSEQ, Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire; QOS, the quality of sleep; VAS-A, visual analog scale for anxiety