Table 4.

Postoperative VAS scores

	Group C	Group Z	Z	P
POD1, coughing	5(0.25)	4.5(1)	-2.434	0.015*
POD1, rest	3(1)	2(1)	-2.848	0.004*
POD3, coughing	4(1)	3(1)	-4.338	0.000**
POD3, rest	2(1)	1(1)	-1.472	0.141
POD7, coughing	3(1)	2(1)	-1.41	0.158
POD7, rest	0.5(1)	0(1)	-1.699	0.089

Notes: Values are median (IQR). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01

Abbreviations: Group C, control group; Group Z, zolpidem group; POD 1, the first postoperative day; POD 3, the third postoperative day; POD 7, the seventh postoperative day; VAS, visual analog scores