Table 4.

Logistic Regression Adjusted Odds Ratios of DSMES Utilization

	Model 1: DSMES Utilization (1 year after diagnosis)		Model 2: DSMES Utilization (2 years after diagnosis)
Characteristics	Odds Ratioa (95% CI)	P-Value	Odds Ratioa (95% CI)	P-Value
Age		<0.001		<0.001
65-69 (Ref.)
70-74	0.9 (0.8-1.1)	0.62	0.9 (0.8-1.1)	0.30
75-79	0.7 (0.6-0.9)	<0.01	0.7 (0.6-0.9)	<0.001
80-84	0.5 (0.4-0.6)	<0.001	0.5 (0.4-0.60)	<0.001
85+	0.3 (0.2-0.5)	<0.001	0.3 (0.2-0.4)	<0.001
Gender		0.73		0.9
Male (Ref.)
Female	1.0 (0.9-1.1)		1.0 (0.9-1.1)
Race and ethnicity		<0.001		<0.001
Non-Hispanic White (Ref.)
Non-Hispanic Black	0.6 (0.5-0.8)	<0.001	0.6 (0.50-0.8)	<0.001
Other	0.4 (0.2-0.8)	<0.01	0.5 (0.3-0.9)	0.02
Residence		<0.001		<0.001
Urban (Ref.)
Rural	0.6 (0.5-0.7)		0.60 (0.5-0.7)
Insurance type		<0.001		<0.001
Medicare (Ref.)
Medicare Advantage	0.5 (0.4-0.6)		0.5 (0.4-0.6)

DSMES: Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support

^aAdjusted for index year