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. 2025 Feb 19;59(1):kaaf016. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaaf016

Table 4.

| Predictors of daily e-cigarette use (N = 143).

Step 1a Step 1b Step 2 Step 3
OR (95% CI) P OR (95% CI) P OR (95% CI) P OR (95% CI) P
Age 1.04 (0.99, 1.10) .10 1.05 (0.99, 1.10) .08 1.05 (0.99, 1.10) .07 1.05 (0.99, 1.10) .08
Gender 1.57 (1.02, 2.41) .04 1.66 (1.08, 2.57) .02 1.63 (1.08, 2.47) .02 1.50 (1.00, 2.26) .05
Ethnicity 1.05 (0.75, 1.47) .77 1.04 (0.74, 1.45) .83 1.04 (0.76, 1.44) .81 1.08 (0.79, 1.47) .62
Education 0.96 (0.48, 1.92) .92 1.03 (0.52, 2.02) .94 1.04 (0.54, 2.02) .90 0.95 (0.49, 1.85) .87
Family Vaping 1.33 (0.82, 2.17) .25 1.38 (0.85, 2.23) .19 1.38 (0.89, 2.13) .15 1.36 (0.92, 2.01) .12
Friend Vaping 1.29 (0.92, 1.81) .14 1.28 (0.92, 1.80) .15 1.27 (0.91, 1.77) .15 1.26 (0.92, 1.74) .15
E-cigarette Addiction 1.26 (1.13, 1.40) <.001 1.26 (1.14, 1.41) <.001 1.26 (1.14, 1.39) <.001 1.26 (1.14, 1.38) <.001
Hassles 1.04 (0.91, 1.21) .55 1.05 (0.91, 1.21) .53 1.15 (0.98, 1.34) .08
Uplifts 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) .84 1.00 (0.86, 1.16) .99 1.02 (0.88, 1.18) .82
Hassles × Uplifts 0.89 (0.82, 0.96) .005

Step 1a, −2LL = −857.0; Step 1b, −2LL = −857.3; Step 2, −2LL = −853.9; Step 3, −2LL = −855.6.