Table 5.
Means (M) and standard deviations (SD) for the cardiorespiratory responses for each condition (BR: dietary nitrate, CAF: caffeine, PLA: placebo) and time trial section.
| Parameter | N | BR+CAF | BR+PLA | CAF+PLA | PLA+PLA | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | M (SD) | |||||||
| Cardiorespiratory function | ||||||||||
| 1000 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 4.36 (0.60) | 4.38 (0.55) | 4.38 (0.60) | 4.29 (0.60) | |||||
| 750 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 4.41 (0.53) | 4.39 (0.49) | 4.34 (0.49) | 4.24 (0.55) | |||||
| 500 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 4.34 (0.50) | 4.34 (0.46) | 4.25 (0.49) | 4.22 (0.51) | |||||
| 250 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 4.14 (0.44) | 4.10 (0.46) | 4.04 (0.44) | 4.03 (0.42) | |||||
| 150 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 3.49 (0.50) | 3.44 (0.57) | 3.18 (0.42) | 3.39 (0.46) | |||||
| 100 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 1.98 (0.44) | 2.16 (0.80) | 2.13 (0.33) | 1.98 (0.42) | |||||
| 50 m VO2 [l/min] | 11 | 0.99 (0.21) | 1.04 (0.24) | 1.08 (0.21) | 0.93 (0.26) | |||||
| 1000 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 55.07 (6.59) | 55.35 (5.18) | 55.20 (5.39) | 54.12 (5.70) | |||||
| 750 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 55.82 (6.37) | 55.58 (5.64) | 54.82 (5.04) | 53.57 (5.70) | |||||
| 500 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 54.88 (5.81) | 54.90 (5.29) | 53.70 (4.70) | 53.37 (5.35) | |||||
| 250 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 52.40 (5.68) | 51.93 (5.69) | 51.07 (4.64) | 51.09 (5.46) | |||||
| 150 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 44.35 (7.32) | 43.64 (8.20) | 40.41 (5.80) | 43.23 (7.17) | |||||
| 100 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 25.23 (6.40) | 27.47 (10.13) | 27.16 (5.38) | 25.28 (5.76) | |||||
| 50 m VO2/kg [ml/min/kg] | 11 | 12.47 (2.53) | 13.29 (3.41) | 13.57 (2.22) | 11.88 (3.93) | |||||
| 1000 m HR [b/min] | 6 | 182.95 (3.67) | 181.55 (4.87) | 183.15 (4.31) | 181.95 (5.41) | |||||
| 750 m HR [b/min] | 7 | 177.64 (10.80) | 178.28 (7.15) | 180.96 (5.10) | 179.22 (6.83) | |||||
| 500 m HR [b/min] | 6 | 179.37 (5.75) | 177.44 (8.09) | 179.32 (6.72) | 179.13 (6.58) | |||||
| 250 m HR [b/min] | 8 | 171.69 (11.07) | 171.23 (8.67) | 170.74 (12.67) | 173.93 (8.15) | |||||
| 150 m HR [b/min] | 6 | 174.81 (3.64) | 169.11 (4.69) | 172.68 (6.02) | 172.96 (7.78) | |||||
| 100 m HR [b/min] | 6 | 163.23 (4.78) | 154.34 (7.36) | 161.60 (7.44) | 160.46 (8.08) | |||||
| 50 m HR [b/min] | 9 | 131.24 (13.61) | 124.72 (12.21) | 129.32 (10.80) | 133.71 (15.41) | |||||
| 1000 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 32.74 (3.16) | 31.52 (2.15) | 32.22 (3.33) | 31.64 (3.50) | |||||
| 750 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 32.73 (3.24) | 31.90 (2.13) | 32.32 (3.19) | 32.28 (3.33) | |||||
| 500 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 32.63 (3.74) | 31.81 (2.61) | 32.52 (3.35) | 32.96 (3.05) | |||||
| 250 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 31.24 (3.22) | 29.64 (2.76) | 31.34 (3.29) | 31.20 (2.92) | |||||
| 150 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 31.15 (4.58) | 29.60 (3.21) | 31.85 (5.24) | 30.79 (4.02) | |||||
| 100 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 41.61 (12.37) | 40.03 (9.17) | 43.53 (8.92) | 51.17 (11.64) | |||||
| 50 m VE/VO2 | 11 | 51.12 (19.21) | 48.28 (16.18) | 65.23 (28.94) | 68.91 (28.98) | |||||
| 1000 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 30.53 (2.74) | 29.17 (2.05) | 29.90 (2.80) | 29.35 (2.95) | |||||
| 750 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 29.71 (2.18) | 28.85 (1.57) | 29.51 (2.24) | 29.08 (2.26) | |||||
| 500 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 29.19 (2.49) | 28.30 (1.94) | 29.34 (2.44) | 28.89 (1.53) | |||||
| 250 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 30.50 (2.84) | 29.15 (2.32) | 31.05 (3.07) | 29.80 (2.37) | |||||
| 150 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 33.25 (4.17) | 31.86 (2.79) | 34.25 (4.75) | 31.67 (2.77) | |||||
| 100 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 36.57 (7.75) | 35.32 (5.48) | 37.78 (5.19) | 41.85 (6.52) | |||||
| 50 m VE/VCO2 | 11 | 36.83 (9.12) | 35.77 (8.02) | 47.88 (20.83) | 48.90 (16.89) | |||||
| 1000 m RER | 11 | 1.07 (0.03) | 1.08 (0.03) | 1.08 (0.03) | 1.08 (0.05) | |||||
| 750 m RER | 11 | 1.10 (0.04) | 1.11 (0.04) | 1.09 (0.04) | 1.11 (0.05) | |||||
| 500 m RER | 11 | 1.12 (0.06) | 1.12 (0.06) | 1.11 (0.05) | 1.14 (0.06) | |||||
| 250 m RER | 11 | 1.03 (0.07) | 1.02 (0.07) | 1.01 (0.05) | 1.05 (0.08) | |||||
| 150 m RER | 11 | 0.94 (0.08) | 0.93 (0.07) | 0.93 (0.06) | 0.97 (0.07) | |||||
| 100 m RER | 11 | 1.10 (0.17) | 1.12 (0.14) | 1.14 (0.11) | 1.18 (0.11) | |||||
| 50 m RER | 11 | 1.36 (0.21) | 1.30 (0.20) | 1.35 (0.10) | 1.37 (0.25) | |||||
Abbreviations: VO2 = oxygen uptake; HR = heart rate; VE/VO2 = respiratory equivalent for O2; VE/VCO2 = respiratory equivalent for carbon dioxide; RER = respiratory exchange ratio.