Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of cranioplasty in the low-curvature and normal-curvature groups before PSM.
| Characteristics | Total n = 67 | Low curvature n = 22 | Normal curvature n = 45 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, n (%) | 0.046 | |||
| <50 | 33 (49.3%) | 7 (31.8%) | 26 (57.8%) | |
| ≥50 | 34 (50.7%) | 15 (68.2%) | 19 (42.2%) | |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.400 | |||
| Female | 23 (34.3%) | 6 (27.3%) | 17 (37.8%) | |
| Male | 44 (65.7%) | 16 (72.7%) | 28 (62.2%) | |
| BMI, n (%) | 0.030 | |||
| ≤24 | 31 (46.3%) | 6 (27.3%) | 25 (53.2%) | |
| >24 | 36 (53.7%) | 16 (72.7%) | 20 (46.8%) | |
| Cause of defects, n (%) | 0.536 | |||
| Craniocerebral injury | 46 (68.7%) | 14 (63.6%) | 32 (71.1%) | |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 21 (31.3%) | 8 (36.4%) | 13 (28.9%) | |
| Defect site, n (%) | 0.548 | |||
| Left | 30 (44.8%) | 11 (50.0%) | 19 (42.2%) | |
| Right | 37 (55.2%) | 11 (50.0%) | 26 (57.8%) | |
| Difficulty of surgery, n (%) | 0.290 | |||
| Easy | 14 (20.9%) | 7 (31.8%) | 7 (15.6%) | |
| Normal | 37 (55.2%) | 11 (50.0%) | 26 (57.8%) | |
| Hard | 16 (23.9%) | 4 (18.2%) | 12 (26.6%) | |
| Defect area, mm2 | 91.07 ± 27.26 | 91.64 ± 27.12 | 90.71 ± 27.62 | 0.897 |
| Defect time, days | 5.64 ± 2.92 | 5.591 ± 1.40 | 5.667 ± 3.44 | 0.154 |
| Surgery time, min | 129.20 ± 29.59 | 127.00 ± 28.88 | 130.20 ± 30.20 | 0.758 |
| Intraoperative bleeding, ml | 172.40 ± 79.16 | 175.90 ± 70.35 | 170.70 ± 83.84 | 0.490 |
| Difficulty of care, n (%) | 0.043 | |||
| Easy | 32 (47.8%) | 15 (68.2%) | 17 (37.8%) | |
| Normal | 31 (46.3%) | 7 (31.8%) | 24 (53.3%) | |
| Hard | 4 (5.9%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (8.9%) | |
| Aesthetics, n (%) | 0.225 | |||
| Good | 27 (40.3%) | 12 (54.5%) | 15 (33.3%) | |
| Normal | 34 (50.7%) | 9 (40.9%) | 25 (55.6%) | |
| Poor | 6 (9.0%) | 1 (4.6%) | 5 (11.1%) | |
| Complication, n (%) | 0.728 | |||
| No | 58 (86.6%) | 20 (90.9%) | 38 (84.4%) | |
| Yes | 9 (13.4%) | 2 (9.1%) | 7 (15.6%) | |
| Duration of hospitalization, days | 11.40 ± 4.03 | 9.14 ± 2.64 | 12.51 ± 4.15 | <0.001 |
| Titanium mesh cost, ¥ | 15,800. ± 900. | 16,000. ± 900. | 15,900. ± 1,000. | 0.658 |
| Overall hospitalization costs, ¥ | 24,100. ± 1,000. | 23,500. ± 900. | 24,900. ± 1,100. | <0.001 |
| Satisfaction with molding, n (%) | <0.001 | |||
| Satisfactory | 12 (17.9%) | 9 (40.9%) | 3 (6.7%) | |
| Relatively satisfactory | 19 (28.4%) | 9 (40.9%) | 10 (22.2%) | |
| Generally satisfactory | 28 (41.8%) | 4 (18.2%) | 24 (53.3%) | |
| Less satisfactory | 8 (11.9%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (17.8%) | |
| KPS score | 91.34 ± 3.32 | 93.32 ± 1.67 | 90.38 ± 3.50 | <0.001 |
| QOL score | 51.09 ± 3.39 | 52.95 ± 2.13 | 50.18 ± 3.54 | <0.001 |
Median and interquartile range (IQR) and n (%) were reported for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. BMI, Body Mass Index; KPS, Karnofsky's Performance Status; QOL, quality-of-life.