Unwashed assays in which CCCP, at (A) 40 μM or (B) 10 μM, was added to cultures 3 min before the addition of [14C]MA. ET8000 (wild-type) without pre-treatment (◇), or pre-treated with CCCP (◆), ET8004 (glnA−) without pre-treatment (□), or pre-treated with CCCP (■), GT1000 (glnK− amtB−) (△). Results are means±S.D. (n=4).