Table 5.
Cox Regression Analysis for Progression-Free Survival for All Patients With the Intention of Receiving Radical Treatment
| Characteristics | Univariate Analysis |
Multivariate Analysis |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p-Value | ||
| Age (ref: <75 y) | ≥75 y | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 0.62 | 1.2 (0.7–1.9) | 0.47 |
| Sex (ref: male) | Female | 0.7 (0.6–0.9) | 0.01 | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | 0.66 |
| WHO-PS (ref: 0–1) | 2–3 | 1.2 (0.7–2.0) | 0.46 | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | 0.53 |
| Smoking (ref: never) | Former | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.53 | ||
| Current | 1.8 (0.9–3.5) | 0.11 | |||
| PD-L1 status (ref: >50% expression) | 1%–49% expression | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.29 | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) | 0.20 |
| <1% expression | 1.9 (1.3–2.8) | <0.001 | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) | 0.03 | |
| Unknown | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 0.02 | 1.1 (0.7–1.6) | 0.81 | |
| Histology (ref: nonsquamous) | Squamous | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 0.74 | ||
| Brain imaging (ref: MRI) | Diagnostic CT-scan | 1.2 (0.9–1.5) | 0.26 | ||
| T Stage (ref: 1–2) | 3–4 | 1.2 (1.0–1.6) | 0.11 | ||
| N Stage (ref: 0–1) | 2–3 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.23 | ||
| Total metastases (ref: 1) | >1 | 1.1 (0.9–1.4) | 0.43 | ||
| Metastatic sites | |||||
| (ref: no adrenal gland) | Adrenal gland | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) | 0.002 | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | 0.13 |
| (ref: no bone) | Bone | 1.5 (1.1–2.1) | 0.01 | 1.7 (1.1–2.5) | 0.01 |
| (ref: no brain) | Brain | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.36 | ||
| (ref: no extrathoracic nodal) | Extrathoracic nodal | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 0.43 | ||
| (ref: no lung) | Lung | 0.7 (0.5–0.9) | 0.01 | 0.7 (0.5–1.1) | 0.12 |
| (ref: no othera) | Other site | 1.6 (1.1–2.2) | 0.01 | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.18 |
| Serum albumin (ref: <40 g/L) | ≥40 g/L | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.34 | ||
| Serum CRP (ref: ≤5 mg/L) | >5 mg/L | 1.6 (1.1–2.3) | 0.01 | 1.8 (1.3–2.7) | 0.002 |
| Serum LDH (ref: <248) | ≥248 | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.43 | ||
| Best response to induction systemic therapy (ref: CR and PR) | SD and PD | 2.4 (1.9–3.2) | <0.001 | 2.4 (1.8–3.3) | <0.001 |
| Immunotherapy (ref: No) | Yes | 0.5 (0.4–0.7) | <0.001 | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | <0.001 |
| TRAE (ref: toxicity ≤ 2) | Toxicity grade ≥3 | 1.5 (0.8–2.9) | 0.20 | ||
Note:p values in bold are statistically significant.
CI, confidence interval; CR, complete response; CRP, C-reactive protein; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PD-L1, programmed death-ligand 1; PD, progressive disease; PR, partial response; Ref, reference; SD, stable disease; TRAE, treatment related adverse event; WHO-PS, WHO Performance Score.
a
Bowel, breast, liver, pancreatic gland, peritoneal, pleural, soft tissue, spleen, subcutis, thyroid gland and renal.