Table 1. Statistical Descriptive Results for the Total Population, 2017–2020.3, NHANES.
| Variables | Non-NAFLDaN = 476 | NAFLD N = 827 | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Race | 0.116 | ||
| Mexican American | 36 (2.8%) | 95 (7.3%) | |
| Other Hispanic | 52 (4.0%) | 78 (6.0%) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 184 (14.1%) | 326 (25.0%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 137 (10.5%) | 211 (16.2%) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 39 (3.0%) | 81 (6.2%) | |
| Other Race | 28 (2.1%) | 36 (2.8%) | |
| Gender | 0.002** | ||
| Male | 177 (13.6%) | 380 (29.2%) | |
| Female | 299 (22.9%) | 447 (34.3%) | |
| Age (years) | 49.84 (34.00,65.00) | 55.83 (47.00,66.00) | <0.001** |
| Weight (kg) | 73.05 ± 16.75 | 92.37 ± 22.49 | <0.001** |
| Blood MTBE concentration (ng/mL) | 0.0073 (0.0070,0.0070) | 0.0074 (0.0070,0.0070) | 0.578 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 91.81 ± 13.53 | 109.12 ± 14.96 | <0.001** |
| Median stiffness (kPa) | 5.18 (3.70,5.30) | 6.34 (4.40,6.80) | <0.001** |
| Median CAP (dB/m) | 206.18 ± 31.54 | 306.86 ± 40.29 | <0.001** |
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.55 (1.29,1.76) | 1.31 (1.06,1.50) | <0.001** |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.75 ± 1.06 | 4.80 ± 1.10 | 0.467 |
| ALTb (U/L) | 18.41 (12.00,21.00) | 23.79 (15.00,28.00) | <0.001** |
| ASTc (U/L) | 20.53 (16.00,22.00) | 21.51 (16.00,24.00) | 0.103 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 0.94 (0.59,1.15) | 1.53 (0.88,1.77) | <0.001** |
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.69 (2.07,3.26) | 2.80 (2.12,3.31) | 0.135 |
| BMId | <0.001** | ||
| 18.5 ≤ BMI < 25 | 195 (15.0%) | 76 (5.8%) | |
| 25 ≤ BMI < 30 | 173 (13.3%) | 232 (17.8%) | |
| BMI ≥ 30 | 107 (8.2%) | 517 (39.8%) | |
| Energy (kcal) | 2005.75 (1400.50,2413.00) | 2082.97 (1421.50,2602.50) | 0.157 |
| Nutrients | |||
| Protein (g) | 75.15 (49.24,92.77) | 76.87 (50.38,98.14) | 0.441 |
| Fats (g) | 82.83 (53.85,103.78) | 88.16 (56.65,113.07) | 0.052 |
| Carbohydrate (g) | 231.03 (155.85,283.14) | 238.29 (158.57,299.07) | 0.300 |
| Physical Activity | 0.009** | ||
| METe < 600 | 155 (11.9%) | 338 (25.9%) | |
| 600 ≤ MET < 8000 | 245 (18.8%) | 363 (27.9%) | |
| MET ≥ 8000 | 76 (5.8%) | 126 (9.7%) | |
| Education level | |||
| Some college or AAf degree and below | 148 (11.4%) | 304 (23.3%) | <0.001** |
| College graduate or above | 303 (23.3%) | 518 (39.8%) | |
| NA | 25 (1.9%) | 5 (0.4%) | |
| Ratio of family income to poverty | 0.143 | ||
| ≤1 | 74 (6.5%) | 102 (8.9%) | |
| 1–3 | 146 (12.7%) | 287 (25.0%) | |
| ≥3 | 200 (17.5%) | 337 (29.4%) | |
| Hypertension | <0.001** | ||
| Yes | 171 (14.1%) | 410 (33.7%) | |
| No | 276 (22.7%) | 359 (29.5%) | |
| Alcohol use | 0.638 | ||
| Yes | 290 (22.3%) | 493 (37.9%) | |
| No | 185 (14.2%) | 334 (25.7%) | |
| Smoking | 0.019* | ||
| Yes | 169 (13.0%) | 348 (26.7%) | |
| No | 307 (23.6%) | 478 (36.7%) |
*
P < 0.05.
**
P < 0.01.
a
Grouping based on CAP threshold of 248 dB/m.
b
ALT: Alanine aminotransferase.
c
AST: Aspartate Transaminase.
d
BMI: Body Mass Index.
e
MET: Metabolic equivalent of task.
f
Associate of Arts.