Table 4. Multivariate ORs for NAFLD in the NHANES 2017–2020.3 Population after Inclusion of Exercise and Diet and Removal of Outliers.
| Variables | Total OR (95% CI) | P | Male OR (95% CI) | P | Female OR (95% CI) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race | ||||||
| Other Hispanic | 0.472 (0.203, 1.096) | 0.081 | 1.501 (0.401, 5.624) | 0.547 | 0.271 (0.084, 0.871) | 0.028* |
| Non-Hispanic White | 0.609 (0.342, 1.084) | 0.092 | 0.887 (0.312, 2.517) | 0.821 | 0.474 (0.198, 1.134) | 0.093 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.380 (0.219, 0.660) | 0.001** | 0.383 (0.143, 1.027) | 0.057 | 0.337 (0.151, 0.752) | 0.008** |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 2.010 (1.146, 3.525) | 0.015* | 3.155 (0.803, 12.391) | 0.100 | 1.433 (0.474, 4.329) | 0.524 |
| Other Race | 0.690 (0.286, 1.669) | 0.410 | 0.730 (0.117, 4.559) | 0.736 | 0.802 (0.248, 2.594) | 0.713 |
| Mexican American | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| BMI | ||||||
| Overweight | 8.793 (4.958, 15.611) | <0.001** | 14.571 (7.591, 27.994) | <0.001** | 8.109 (4.265, 15.417) | <0.001** |
| Obesity | 1.306 (1.016, 1.679) | 0.037* | 1.328 (0.895, 1.970) | 0.159 | 1.303 (0.900, 1.888) | 0.161 |
| Normal weight | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Blood Pressure | ||||||
| Hypertension | 1.369 (0.905, 2.069) | 0.137 | 2.307 (1.081, 4.923) | 0.031* | 1.244 (0.725, 2.132) | 0.428 |
| Standard blood pressure | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Alcohol Use | ||||||
| Yes | 0.885 (0.649, 1.208) | 0.442 | 1.047 (0.550, 1.994) | 0.888 | 0.991 (0.628, 1.563) | 0.969 |
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Smoking | ||||||
| Yes | 1.204 (0.660, 2.195) | 0.545 | 1.094 (0.462, 2.591) | 0.839 | 1.385 (0.679, 2.824) | 0.370 |
| No | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Blood MTBE concentration/0.01 ppb | 2.070 (1.197, 3.577) | 0.009** | 1.441 (0.889, 2.336) | 0.138 | 8.727 (1.812, 42.020) | 0.007** |
| Nutrients | ||||||
| Protein | 1.002 (0.996, 1.008) | 0.503 | 0.999 (0.987, 1.011) | 0.890 | 0.997 (0.985, 1.008) | 0.587 |
| Fats | 1 (0.993, 1.008) | 0.953 | 0.991 (0.979, 1.003) | 0.160 | 1.004 (0.995, 1.015) | 0.379 |
| Carbohydrate | 1.003 (1.001, 1.005) | 0.013* | 1.004 (1.000, 1.007) | 0.063 | 1.003 (1.000, 1.006) | 0.041* |
| Physical Activity | ||||||
| 600 ≤ MET < 8000 | 0.772 (0.492, 1.212) | 0.260 | 0.476 (0.193, 1.175) | 0.107 | 0.699 (0.403, 1.212) | 0.202 |
| MET ≥ 8000 | 0.777 (0.511, 1.182) | 0.239 | 0.470 (0.198, 1.114) | 0.086 | 0.457 (0.219, 0.955) | 0.037* |
| MET < 600 | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Education level | ||||||
| College graduate or above | 0.715 (0.436, 1.172) | 0.184 | 0.349 (0.151, 0.803) | 0.013* | 0.844 (0.366, 1.951) | 0.692 |
| Some college or AA degree and below | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Ratio of family income to poverty | ||||||
| 1 ≤ PIR < 3 | 1.610 (0.706, 3.673) | 0.257 | 5.063 (0.893, 28.703) | 0.067 | 1.367 (0.658, 2.824) | 0.402 |
| PIR ≥ 3 | 1.640 (0.691, 3.896) | 0.262 | 9.300 (1.454, 59.561) | 0.019* | 0.911 (0.353, 2.350) | 0.847 |
| <1 | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref | ref |