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. 2025 Feb 4;14(2):153. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics14020153
BRD Bovine respiratory disease
USA United States of America
AMR Antimicrobial resistance
ICE Integrative and conjugative element
MGE Mobile genetic element
MDR Multidrug resistance
MIC Minimal inhibitory concentration
WGS Whole-genome sequencing
AST Antimicrobial susceptibility testing
ST Sequence type
CAP Capsular
LPS Lipopolysaccharide
MLST Multi-locus sequence type
OXA Oxacillin
PEN Penicillin
AMP Ampicillin
AUG Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (2:1)
CFV Cefovecin
CEX Cephalexin
XNL Ceftiofur
CEQ Cefquinome
CEP Cephalotin
FOT Cefotaxime
FOP Cefoperazone
FAZ Cephazolin
TAZ Ceftazidime
CLA Clarithromycin
ERY Erythromycin
GAM Gamithromycin
TDP Tildipirosin
TIL Tilmicosin
TUL Tulathromycin
NEO Neomycin
STR Streptomycin
TET Tetracycline
SXT Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (1:19)
FFN Florfenicol
CHL Chloramphenicol
SNP Single-nucleotide polymorphism
CLSI Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
RR Resistance region
IS Insertion sequence
MALDI-ToF MS Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry