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. 2025 Jan 30;15(2):138. doi: 10.3390/brainsci15020138

Figure 8.

Figure 8

The feedback model revisited with the possible effects of stimulation. During abnormal stimulation, the CNS may perceive natural CoP movements and vibro-tactile patterns as distinctive inputs. Thus, most sensory feedback from the plantar surface consists of expected natural feedback, while additional vibro-tactile input is ignored or treated as irrelevant. Previously, we assumed that these inputs would intertwine, but in healthy individuals, even in slightly unstable walking conditions, this does not seem to be the case.