Figure 2.

Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between C. parthenoxylon and C. officinarum. (A) Total number of DEGs identified in the transcriptomic comparison, including the number of upregulated (2940) and downregulated (3183) genes. (B) Volcano plot depicting the distribution of DEGs based on log₂ fold change (log₂FC) and statistical significance (−log₁₀ p-value). Red dots represent significantly upregulated genes, green dots represent significantly downregulated genes, and black dots indicate non-significant genes. (C) Heatmap showing hierarchical clustering of DEGs across biological replicates for both species. The clustering highlights distinct transcriptional profiles between C. parthenoxylon and C. officinarum. The color scale represents normalized gene expression levels, ranging from low (blue) to high (red).