10T1/2	Mouse embryonic multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cell line
5-Aza	5-Azacytidine
A549	Human lung epithelial cells
AA	Ascorbic acid
ACL	Anterior cruciate ligament
ACTA1	Skeletal alpha actin 1
Ad	Adipose tissue-derived
ADH	Alcohol dehydrogenase
ADM	Acellular dermal matrix
Ad-MSCs	Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
AM	Amniotic membrane
Ang-1	Angiopoietina-1
ASA	Acetylsalicylic acid
ASAP	L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate
ASMA	Alpha-smooth muscle actin
ATE	Adipose tissue extract
AuNPs	Gold nanoparticles
AV	Aloe vera
B. vulgaris	Beta vulgaris
B@P	BMP-2-loaded CS/HA multilayer-modified PCL scaffold
bFGF	Basic fibroblast growth factor
BM	Bone marrow-derived
BMP-2	Bone morphogenetic protein-2
BM-MSCs	Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
BNFSs	Braided nanofibrous scaffolds
BSA	Bovine serum albumin
CC	Calcium chloride
CK-19	Cytokeratin-19
CK-MB	Creatine kinase-MB
CMs	Cardiomyocytes
CNF	Chitin nanofiber
CNT	Carbon nanotube
Ch	Chitosan
CS	Chondroitin sulfate
CTGF	Connective tissue growth factor
cTnI	Troponin I
cTnT	Troponin T
Cx43	Connexin 43
DCM	Dichloromethane
DHS	Donor horse serum
DM	Differentiation medium
DMF	Dimethylformamide
DXM	Dexamethasone
E	Young’s modulus
EBs	Embryonic bodies
ECG	Electrocardiogram
ECM	Extracellular matrix
ECs	Endotelial cells
EGF	Epidermal growth factor
EO	Emu oil
Fb	Fibrin
Fbg	Fibrinogen
FBS-HI	Fetal bovine serum—heat-inactivated
FE	Field emission
FGF-2	Fibroblast growth factor-2
FN	Fibronectin
GA	Glutaraldehyde
GEL	Gelatin
GELMa	Gelatin methacryloyl
GDF-5	Growth and differentiation factor-5
GO	Graphene oxide
H9c2	Rat cardio myoblast
Hb	Hemoglobin
HA	Native hyaluronan
HaCaT	Keratinocyte cell line from adult human skin
HC	Hydrocortisone
HFIP	1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropanol
HG	HydroGel
HGF	Hepatocyte growth factor
hiPSCs	Induced pluripotent stem cells
hMSCs	Human mesenchymal stem cells
HPCL	Heparin polycaprolactone
hTCs	Human tenocytes
hUVECs	Human umbilical vein endotelial cells
hWJ	Human Wharton’s jelly-derived
HY	Hybrid yarns
ICC	Immunocytochemistry
IGF-1	Insulin-like growth factor 1
IMDM	Iscove’s modified Dulbecco’s medium
ITS	Insulin–transferrin–selenium
IVL	Involucrin
KGF	Keratinocyte growth factor
L-AA	L-ascorbic acid
LbL	Layer-by-layer
LDH	Lactate dehydrogenase
MAAB	Magnesium l-ascorbic acid 2 phosphate, salts
Mb	Myoblasts
MHC	Myosin heavy chain
MI	Myocardial infarction
MnO2–NPs	Manganese nanoparticles
MSC-FBS	MSC-fetal bovine serum
MSCs	Mesenchimal stem cells
MTS assay	3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium
MY	Microfiber yarns
MYH2	Myosin heavy chain 2
MYOG	Myogenin
N NFS	Non-composite nylon66 nanofibrous scaffold
nanoHA	Nanophased hydroxyapatite
N-B.v NFS	Composite nylon66 nanofibrous scaffold
NGF	Nerve growth factor
NP(TGF)	TGF-β1-loaded chitosan nanoparticles
P/S	Penicillin/streptomycin
PAN	Polyacrylonitrile
PαAPz-A	Poly(organophosphazene)—L-alanine
PEO	Polyethylene oxide
PCL	Polycaprolactone
PDGF	Platelet-derived growth factor
PEG	Polyethylene glycol
PenStrep	Penicillin-streptomycin
PG	Propylene glycol
PGS	Poly (glycerol sebacate)
PHBV	Poly 3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate
PLA BNFSs	Poly(lactic acid) braided nanofibrous scaffolds
PLCL	Poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)
PLGA	Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
PLLA	Poly-L-lactic acid
PDLLA/Lam—a PDLLA/NaOH	Hydrolyzed poly-L-lactic acid with laminin
PEA	Poly(ester amide)
poly-P	Poly-phosphate
PPDO	Poly(p-dioxanone)
PS	Polystyrene
PVA	Polyvinyl alcohol
PU	Polyurethane
PTMC-MA	Poly(trimethylene carbonate)-methacrylated
RT-PCR	Real-time PCR
S + B@P	SDF-1α- and BMP-2-loaded CS/HA multilayer-modified PCL scaffold
Sal B	Salvianolic acid B
SCs	Schwann cells
SDVGs	Small-diameter vascular grafts
SEM	Scanning electron microscopy
SF	Silk fibroin
SF/Fe	Silk fibroin/Fe3O4 nanoparticles
sGAG	Sulfated glycosaminoglycans
sHA	Sulfated hyaluronan
SJES	Stable jet electrospinning
SM-22a	Smooth muscle 22 alpha
SMC	Smooth muscle cells
SP	Substance P
SS	Silk sericin
Tβ4	Thymosin β4
T3	3,3′,5-Triiodo-L-thyronine
TCPS	Tissue culture polystyrene
TE	Tissue engineering
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-β
THF	Tetrahydrofuran
T/L	Tendon and ligament
UC	Umbilical cord
UCB	Umbilical cord blood
USCs	Urine-derived stem cells
VB12	Vitamin B12
VD3	Vitamin D3
VEGF	Vascular endothelial growth factor
VGPs	VEGF-encapsulated gelatin particles
Vim	Vimentin
vSMCs	Vascular smooth muscle cells
YM	Young’s modulus
WNSs	Wavy nanofibrous scaffolds