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. 2025 Feb 28;25:325. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12454-w

Table 4.

A fixed effects linear probability model of the relationship between downsizing and short-term sickness absence, without and with control for work environment factors

Model 0 Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4
Downsizing next quarter −0.045*** [−0.066,−0.024] −0.045*** [−0.066,−0.024] −0.045*** [−0.066,−0.024] −0.045*** [−0.066,−0.024] −0.045*** [−0.066,−0.024]
Downsizing this quarter 0.034** [0.013,0.056] 0.034** [0.013,0.055] 0.034** [0.013,0.056] 0.034** [0.013,0.056] 0.034** [0.013,0.056]
Downsizing previous quarter 0.049** [0.020,0.079] 0.047** [0.018,0.077] 0.049** [0.020,0.078] 0.049** [0.020,0.079] 0.047** [0.018,0.077]
Work environment:
Commitment −0.026*** [−0.038,−0.013] −0.032*** [−0.047,−0.017]
Control −0,01 [−0.026,0.007] −0,001 [−0.018,0.016]
Role Clarity −0,004 [−0.026,0.018] 0,023 [−0.002,0.048]
Control variables:
Salary −0.000*** [−0.000,−0.000] −0.000** [−0.000,−0.000] −0.000*** [−0.000,−0.000] −0.000*** [−0.000,−0.000] −0.000** [−0.000,−0.000]
Multiple job holder 0,003 [−0.018,0.024] −0,001 [−0.022,0.020] 0,003 [−0.018,0.024] 0,003 [−0.018,0.024] 0 [−0.021,0.021]
Temporary contracts −0,003 [−0.021,0.016] −0,005 [−0.024,0.013] −0,003 [−0.022,0.016] −0,003 [−0.022,0.016] −0,005 [−0.024,0.013]
_cons 0.450*** [0.430,0.470] 0.546*** [0.495,0.598] 0.477*** [0.427,0.526] 0.468*** [0.368,0.567] 0.471*** [0.368,0.573]
Random-effects Parameters
Variance Variance Variance Variance Variance
sigma_u 0,349 0,349 0,349 0,349 0,349
sigma_e 0,426 0,426 0,426 0,426 0,426
rho 0,402 0,403 0,402 0,402 0,403

N employees: 19,173; N observations: 83,570

95% confidence intervals in brackets

Model 0: shows the relationship between downsizing and sickness absence, including control variables

Model 1: Model 0 + control for commitment

Model 2: Model 0 + control for control

Model 3: Model 0 + control for role clarity

Model 4: Model 0+ all three work environment variables (Models 1,2 and 3)

*p<0.05

**p<0.01

***p<0.001