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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Mass Spectrom. 2025 Feb 15;510:117421. doi: 10.1016/j.ijms.2025.117421

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Paper spray (PS) ambient ionization source optimization using S-(−)-verapamil in the positive ion mode under various conditions, which include: (A) with (On) and without (Off) applied voltage gradient. (B) various capillary voltages (Vcap). (C) different distances of PS tip from IM-MS inlet. (D) various drying gas temperatures where the drying gas flow rate was maintained at 5 L/min (top) and flow rates where the drying gas temperature was maintained at 250°C (bottom) on spray time (red triangles) and signal intensity (blue circles). Reprinted with permission from Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 33 (1), Systematic Optimization of Ambient Ionization Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry for Rapid Separation of Isomers, 160–171, Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society.