TABLE 4.
Adverse events recorded during each of the treatment with biotechnological agents and JAK inhibitors.
| Adverse event | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Anti-TNF | 4/8 (50) |
| Sepsis (etanercept) a | 1 |
| Pneumonia (etanercept) | 1 |
| Upper respiratory tract infection (etanercept) | 1 |
| COVID-19 infection (etanercept) | 1 |
| Heart and kidney failure (infliximab) a | 1 |
| Anti-IL-1 | 6/12 (50) |
| Skin reaction (anakinra and canakinumab) a | 2 |
| Skin reaction (anakinra) | 3 |
| Neutropenia (anakinra) a | 1 |
| Anti-IL-6 | 6/13 (46.2) |
| ARDS b | 1 |
| Pneumonia (tocilizumab) a | 1 |
| Pneumonia (tocilizumab) | 1 |
| Neutropenia (tocilizumab and sarilumab) a | 1 |
| Neutropenia (tocilizumab) | 1 |
| Thrombocytopenia (tocilizumab) a | 1 |
| Atopic reaction (tocilizumab) a | 1 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 1 |
| Skin reaction | 1 |
| JAK inhibitors | 6/16 (37.5) |
| Gut perforation (baricitinib) b | 1 |
| Legionnaires’ disease (upadacitinib) b | 1 |
| Pneumonia b | 1 |
| Sepsis and DIC (baricitinib) a | 1 |
| Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia (ruxolitinib) | 1 |
| Insomnia (tofacitinib) | 1 |
The number of patients is indicated in bold, while italic refers to the number of treatment courses.
Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; bDMARDs, biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; DIC, disseminated intravascular coagulation; IL, interleukin; TNF, tumor necrosis factor.
a
Leading to discontinuation.
b
Leading to death.