Table 4.
Summary of adverse events during the entire follow-up period
| Complication | Occurrences (number of observations) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative | Early postoperative (≤ 30 days) | Late postoperative (> 30 days) | |
| General | |||
| Cerebrovascular incident | - | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular | - | 1 | 1 |
| Urinary tract infection | - | 1 | - |
| Device- or procedure-specific | |||
| Dura lesion | 2 | - | 1 |
| Adjacent segment pathology | - | 1 | 2 |
| Disc herniation / sequestration | - | 2 | - |
| Dysesthesia | - | 1 | - |
| Cage subsidence | - | 1 | 1 |
| Cage migration | - | 2 | 4 |
| Hematoma | - | 2 | - |
| Seroma | - | 1 | - |
| Pain | - | 3 | 4 |
| Pedicle fracture | - | 1 | - |
| Screw malpositioning | - | 1 | - |
| Screw loosening | - | - | 4 |
| Cyst | - | - | 1 |
| Sacroiliac joint pathology | - | - | 1 |
| Radiculopathy | - | - | 1 |
| Calcification | - | - | 1 |