Table 1.
Characteristics of eligible studies included in this meta-analysis
| First author | Year | Location | Type of study | No. of patient | Gender (%Female) |
Age | Systemic condition | No. of implant | Implant position | Follow-up time |
Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mericske-Stern | 1994 | Switzerland | Prospective cohort study | 33 | 51.5% | 69.0 ± 7.0 | NA | 66 | Mandible | 5 years | PI, BI, PD, AL |
| Chung | 2006 | America | Prospective cohort study | 69 | 59.4% | 61.3 ± 13.6 |
Diabetes: 6 Non-diabetes: 63 |
339 |
Maxilla: 198 Mandible: 141 |
> 3 years | PI, GI, BI, PD, BL |
| Bouri | 2008 | America | Cross sectional study | 76 | NA | > 18 | NA | 200 | NA | 1 year | PI, GI, PD, BL |
| Adibrad | 2009 | Iran | Cross sectional study | 27 | 56.0% | 63.1 ± 6.9 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 66 |
Maxilla: 24 Mandible: 42 |
2 years | PI, GI, BI, PD, AL, BL |
| Kim | 2009 | Korea | Prospective cohort study | 100 | 48.0% | 52.2 ± 10.8 | NA | 276 |
Maxilla: 132 Mandible: 144 |
13 months |
PI, GI, PD, BL |
| Schrott | 2009 | America | Prospective cohort study | 73 | 52.1% | 58.0 ± 9.6 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 386 | Mandible | 5 years | PI, BI |
| Crespi | 2010 | Italy | Prospective cohort study | 29 | 37.9% | 25–67 | Without systemic diseases | 164 |
Maxilla: 132 Mandible: 32 |
4 years | PI, GI, BI, PD |
| Esper | 2012 | Brazil | Cross sectional study | 109 | NA | 16–50 | Without systemic diseases | 202 | NA | 1 year | PI, GI, PD |
| Boynueğri | 2013 | Turkey | Prospective cohort study | 15 | 53.3% | 54.0 ± 10.0 | Without systemic diseases | 36 | Mandible | 1 year | PI, GI |
| Amponpan | 2014 | Thailand | Cross sectional study | 51 | 70.6% | 33–71 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 82 | NA | 42 months | PI, GI, BI, PD, AL |
| Zhang | 2014 | China | Prospective cohort study | 25 | 44.0% | 45.5 ± 9.9 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 40 | NA | 1 year | PI, GI, PD, BL |
| Askin | 2015 | Turkey | Prospective cohort study | 18 | 55.6% | 47.5 ± 11.3 | Without systemic diseases | 60 |
Maxilla: 32 Mandible: 28 |
6 months | PI, GI, PD, BL |
| Romanos | 2015 | Germany | Retrospective cohort study | 118 | 46.6% | 62.6 ± 13.7 | NA | 320 | NA | > 2.6 years | PI, BI |
| Esfahanizadeh | 2016 | Iran | Cross sectional study | 36 | 47.2% | 30–76 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 110 | NA | 3 years | PI, GI, BI, PD |
| Souza | 2016 | Brazil | Cross sectional study | 80 | 68.8% | 52.0 ± 11.7 | Without uncontrolled diabetes | 269 |
Maxilla: 129 Mandible: 140 |
1 year | PI, PD, AL |
| Ueno | 2016 | Japan | Cross sectional study | 60 | 61.7% | 60.7 ± 12.9 |
Diabetes: 1 Non-diabetes: 59 |
90 |
Maxilla: 30 Mandible: 60 |
> 1 year | PI, GI, PD |
| Yang | 2017 | China | Prospective cohort study | 120 | 37.5% | 51.6 ± 4.4 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 156 | NA | 6 months | PI, BI, PD, BL |
| Crespi | 2018 | Italy | Prospective cohort study | 42 | 59.5% | 28–71 | Without systemic diseases | 123 |
Maxilla Mandible |
8 years | PI, GI, BI, PD |
| Perussolo | 2018 | Brazil | Prospective cohort study | 71 | 66.7% | 55.7 ± 10.7 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 202 |
Maxilla: 106 Mandible: 96 |
4 years | PI, PD, AL |
| Qian | 2018 | China | Prospective cohort study | 58 | 36.2% | 51.4 ± 8.3 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 158 |
Maxilla: 78 Mandible: 80 |
4 years | PI, BI, PD |
| Fatih | 2019 | Iraq | Cross sectional study | 39 | 61.5% | 20–65 | Without systemic diseases | 157 |
Maxilla: 101 Mandible: 56 |
1–9 years | PI, BL |
| Grischke | 2019 | Germany | Cross sectional study | 52 | 55.8% | 67.6 ± 10.3 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 231 | NA | 3–25 years | GI |
| Monje | 2019 | Spain | Cross sectional study | 37 | 37.6% | 49.9 ± 12.9 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 66 |
Maxilla Mandible |
≥ 3 years | PI, BI, PD, BL |
| Sukuroglu | 2019 | Turkey | Prospective cohort study | 29 | 10.3% | 36–65 | Without systemic diseases | 71 |
Maxilla Mandible |
6 months | PI, GI, PD |
| Ravidà | 2020 | America | Cross sectional study | 40 | 55.0% | 64.5 ± 9.0 | 10% presented with hyperglicaemia | 68 |
Maxilla: 39 Mandible: 39 |
> 1 year | PD, BL |
| Kabir | 2021 | Germany | Cross sectional study | 130 | 54.6% | 70 ± 10.32 | Without compromised immune system and hyperglycemia | 130 |
Anterior: 38 Posterior: 92 |
1–31 years | PI, GI, BI, PD |
| Babayiğit | 2023 | Turkey | Prospective cohort study | 31 | 58.1% | 21–69 | Without uncontrolled systemic diseases | 87 |
Maxilla: 40 Mandible: 47 |
2 years | PI, GI, PD, BL |
| Gurbuz | 2023 | Turkey | Prospective cohort study | 34 | 53.2% | 53.55 ± 1.72 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 34 |
Maxilla Mandible |
2 years | PI, BI, PD, BL |
| Carvalhaes | 2024 | Brazil | Retrospective cohort study | 84 | 67.9% | 61.9 ± 10.1 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 242 |
Maxilla: 80 Mandible: 162 |
5–15 years | PI, BI, PD, BL |
| Eroglu | 2024 | Turkey | Cross sectional study | 87 | 65.5% | 48.1 ± 7.7 | Without conditions known to affect bone metabolism | 87 |
Maxilla: 33 Mandible: 54 |
> 1 year | PI, GI, PD, BL |
AL, attachment loss; BI, bleeding index; BL, bone loss; GI, gingival index; PD, probing depth; PI, plaque index