Table 2.
Random effect models for low-income countries
| REM | VIF | Tolerance | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept |
70.6031*** (1.3929) |
||
| COVID-19 |
−0.0111** (0.0051) |
1.06 | 0.9412 |
| HE |
−0.0316 (0. 0999) |
1.01 | 0.9854 |
| CMR |
−1. 3306*** (0. 0698) |
1.11 | 0.9041 |
| GDP |
0.0013 (0.0011) |
1.05 | 0.9498 |
| R2 Within | 0.9332 | ||
| R2 Between | 0.6376 | ||
| R2 Overall | 0.7674 | ||
This result of a panel regression analysis shows the impact of key independent variables on life expectancy, including COVID-19, healthcare expenditure, child mortality rate, and GDP
Abbreviations: REM Random Effects Model and VIF Variance Inflation Factor
***, **, * represent 1%, 5% and 10% significance level, respectively. Robust standard errors are in parentheses
Source: Authors’ compilation based on the literature and results