Table 1.

Main Characteristics of the Included Studies

Study	Methods	Participants			Mean age (yr)			Participants		Follow-up time
		Cemented	Non-cemented		Cemented	Non-cemented		Cemented	Non-cemented
Dall’Oca et al.23) (2010)	Randomized controlled trial	35	36		85.3	82.3		1 cement leakage	0	12 months
Kammerlander et al.24) (2018)	Randomized controlled trial	87	135		86.1	85.6		1 cement leakage 1 avascular necrosis 1 hematoma requiring revision 1 gastrointestinal/cerebral bleeding 2 renal insufficiency 2 malunion 2 strokes 2 pneumonia 2 delirium 3 superficial wound infection 3 refracture 4 thromboembolic complication 5 myocardial infraction/arrythmia 30 others	1 hypersensitivity 1 poor reduction 1 blade loosening 1 malunion 1 superficial wound infection 1 dys-paraesthesia 1 gastrointestinal/cerebral bleeding 1 sepsis 1 thromboembolic complication 2 renal insufficiency 3 iliotibialis irritation 3 peri-implant fracture 3 hematoma requiring revision 4 refracture 5 myocardial infraction/arrythmia 6 strokes 6 delirium 8 pneumonia 47 others	12 months
Kim et al.26) (2018)	Retrospective	40	42		81.6	82.3		2 superficial wound infections	1 deep wound infection 1 reduction loss 1 excessive screw sliding 2 superficial wound infections 4 malunions	14 months
Kulachote et al.25) (2020)	Retrospective	68	67		85	83		11 urinary tract infection 5 cardiac complications 5 gastrointestinal bleeding 4 pneumonia 4 pressure ulcers 3 delirium 2 venous thromboembolism 1 acute renal failure 1 stroke	12 delirium 9 urinary tract infection 5 cardiac complications 5 gastrointestinal bleeding 5 acute renal failure 4 strokes 3 pressure ulcers 3 pneumonia 1 surgical site infection	12 months
Mochizuki et al.27) (2022)	Prospective non-randomized	32	31		87	87		19 non-specified	23 non-specified	1 week
Schuetze et al.28) (2021)	Retrospective	152	47		NA	NA		22 cardiac events	17 cardiac events	12 months
Yee et al.29) (2020)	Retrospective	47	29		85.1	86.1		5 not specified	4 not-specified	3 months

NA: not available.