Table 7.
Subgroup analyses on age, total hours, trial length, and duration based on Box-Block Test measures.
| Outcomes, moderating factors, and between-group/within-group comparison | Number of trials analyzed and number of participants involved | Mean difference (95% CI) | P value | I2 (%) | |||||||
| Box-Block Test |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|
Age (years) |
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
Younger (≤60.52) |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 1; N (VRTa)=18, N (CONb)=17 | 7.70 (–5.71 to 21.11) | .26 | N/Ac | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 1; N=18 | 2.90 (–9.36 to 15.16) | .64 | N/A | ||||
|
|
|
Older ( > 60.52) |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 3; N (VRT)=102, N (CON)=107 | 2.72 (–1.96 to 7.40) | .25 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 3; N=102 | 9.31 (5.00 to 13.62) | <.001 | 30 | ||||
|
|
Total dosage (hours) |
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
≤15 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=40, N (CON)=49 | 5.42 (–2.49 to 13.32) | .18 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=40 | 2.33 (–5.32 to 9.98) | .55 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
> 15 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=80, N (CON)=75 | 2.28 (–3.05 to 7.62) | .4 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=80 | 11.07 (6.27 to 15.87) | <.001 | 0 | ||||
|
|
Trial length (weeks) |
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
≤4 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=84, N (CON)=90 | 2.04 (–3.53 to 7.60) | .47 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=84 | 7.70 (–1.80 to 17.20) | .11 | 65 | ||||
|
|
|
> 4 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=36, N (CON)=34 | 5.36 (–1.92 to 12.63) | .15 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=36 | 7.43 (0.50 to 14.36) | .04 | 0 | ||||
|
|
Duration of a session (hours) |
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
<1 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=40, N (CON)=49 | 5.42 (–2.49 to 13.32) | .18 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=40 | 2.33 (–5.32 to 9.98) | .55 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
≥1 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=80, N (CON)=75 | 2.28 (–3.05 to 7.62) | .4 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=80 | 11.07 (6.27 to 15.87) | <.001 | 0 | ||||
|
|
Frequency (days/week) |
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
< 4 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=36, N (CON)=34 | 5.36 (–1.92 to 12.63) | .15 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=36 | 7.43 (0.50 to 14.36) | .04 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
≥4 |
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
Between-group | 2; N (VRT)=84, N (CON)=90 | 2.04 (–3.53 to 7.60) | .47 | 0 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Within-group | 2; N=84 | 7.70 (–1.80 to 17.20) | .11 | 65 | ||||
aVRT: virtual reality therapy.
bCON: conventional therapy.
cN/A: not applicable.