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. 2025 Feb 21;11:e2698. doi: 10.7717/peerj-cs.2698

Table 9. The proposed model’s performance and that of the ablation models.

Ablation models Performance evaluations
Model Balance BiLSTM CNN GA module Accuracy Precision Recall F1-score
1 0.92 0.91 0.91 0.92
2 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.90
3 0.97 0.96 0.97 0.96