Table 2.

Summary of factors known to modify histone acetylation at the 5’ LTR

Mechanism	Effect on HIV-1 Transcription	Factor	Cofactor	Target histone/residue	Cell line(s) used	Reference(s)
HDAC recruitment	Repressive	YY1	LBP-1	nuc-1	HeLa-CD4-LTR-CAT	[114]
					HeLa, Jurkat	[117]
					HeLa extract	[118]
					HeLa extract	[119]
					CEM, HeLa, U937	[120]
					8E5, ACH2, CEM, COS-1, HeLa	[121]
					HeLa-CD4-LTR-CAT	[122]
		c-Myc	LBP-1/YY1/Sp1	nuc-1	HeLa-CAT-CD4, J89, primary CD4+	[124]
					Jurkat	[125]
		p50/p50	?	nuc-0, nuc-1	J-Lat 6.3	[113]
					Jurkat, Drosophila SL2	[130]
		CBF-1	?	H3, H4	293T, CEM, HeLa, Jurkat	[132]
		AP-4	?	nuc-1	ACH2, CEM, HL-60, Jurkat, U1	[136]
		BCL11B	NuRD/MTA2	H3	COS7, HeLa, MOLT4, Jurkat, Raji	[138]
					A293T, GHOST-X4/R5, Jurkat/IG5, Sup-T1	[139]
					293T, U1, TZM-bl, human microglia	[140]
HAT recruitment	Activating	Tat	p300/PCAF	H3, H4	ACH2, J49, Jurkat, OM10.1, U1	[86]
					293, HeLa/LTR-luc/S3	[94]
					HL3T1, U1	[142]
					CHO, HL3T/extract	[143]
					Jurkat	[144]
					HeLa/LTR-CAT, NIH3T3	[145]
		p65?	Sp1	H4	Jurkat, Drosophila SL2	[130]
					S3 extract	[146]
					HeLa extract, Drosophila S-190 extract	[149]
					COS-7/extract, HUVEC, Drosophila SL-2	[150]