Table 3.

Summary of factors known to alter histone methylation at the 5’ LTR

Mechanism	Effect on HIV-1 Transcription	Factor	Cofactor	Target histone/residue	Cell line(s) used	Reference(s)
Methyltransferase	Repressive	PRC2/EZH2	CBF-1	nuc-1/H3K27	Jurkat E4/E6/G4	[156]
					J89, Jurkat 2D10, primary CD4+	[157]
					CEM, Jurkat, primary CD4+/Tyagi-Sahu model	[158]
					CCRF-CEM, HeLa/LTR-luc Jurkat, MOLT4, SupT1, U1, primary CD4+	[159]
					TZM-bl	[160]
					E4, primary CD4+	[161]
		EHMT2	?	H3K9	E4, primary CD4+	[161]
					293, ACH2, HeLa, OM10.1	[165]
		SUV39H1	HP1g/BCL11B	H3K9	293T, U1, TZM-bl, human microglia	[140]
					HeLa/LTR-luc, Jurkat, U1, primary CD4+	[166]
		SMYD2	L3MBTL1	H4K20	293T, A72, primary CD4+	[175]
		CARM1	?	H3R17, H3R26	2D10, S3, TZM-bl	[186]
	Activating				293, CV1, Jurkat, MEFs, primary murine macrophages	[184]
					2D10, S3, TZM-bl	[186]
		SMYD5	USP11/Tat	H1, H2B, H3, H4	293T, J-Lat 5A8/A2/A72, HeLa	[180]
		PRMT1	p65/CARM1	H4R3	293, CV1, Jurkat, MEFs, primary murine macrophages	[184]
Demethylase	Repressive	LSD1	BCL11B/NuRD	H3K4	COS7, HeLa, MOLT4, Jurkat, Raji	[138]
					A293T, GHOST-X4/R5, Jurkat/IG5, Sup-T1	[139]
					293T, U1, human microglia	[171]
	Activating	UTX-1	p65/Tat	H3K27	TZM-bl	[163]