Table 1.
Characteristics of each study included in the review.
| Included study | Sample size | Sex (F%) | PTSD diagnosis method | Outcome measurement/method of analysis | Main results | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Malan-Muller et al. (2022) | PTSD (n = 79) TEC (n = 58) |
PTSD = 79.74% TEC = 81.03% |
CAPS-5/DSM-5 | 16S rRNA sequencing | Diversity: no difference between groups. Composition: Mitsuokella, Odoribacter, Catenibacterium and Olsenella genera higher in PTSD group. |
Secondary outcome: abundance of these genera also correlated positively with CAPS-5 score. |
| Hemmings et al. (2017) | PTSD (n = 18) TEC (n = 12) |
PTSD = 77.80% TEC = 58.30% |
CAPS-5 | 16S rRNA sequencing | Diversity: no difference between groups. Composition: higher abundance Actinobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Verrucomicrobia phyla associated with lower probability of PTSD. |
Secondary outcome: decreased abundance of these associated with higher CAPS-5 scores. |
| Bajaj et al. (2019) | PTSD (n = 29) TEC (n = 64) |
PTSD = 0% TEC = 0% |
DSM-5 | 16S rRNA sequencing | Diversity: lower in PTSD. Composition: PTSD group had a lower abundance of potentially beneficial taxa from Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae families, and increased abundance of pathobionts from Enterococcus and Escherichia/Shigella. |
|