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. 2025 Mar 10;19:14. doi: 10.1186/s13031-025-00654-4

Table 2.

Association between health outcomes and conflict intensity before and after adjusting for socioeconomic vulnerabilities and the functioning of healthcare services

Outcomes Exponential transformed estimates (95%CI)
Unadjusted model Adjusted model
Conflict intensity Conflict intensity Vulnerability Functioning of healthcare services
Reproductive and child health outcomes
Neonatal mortality

1.00001

(0.9994, 1.0006)

1.0006*

(1.0001, 0.001)

1.258***

(1.221, 1.284)

0.711**

(0.618, 0.810)

mortality

1.00003

(0.993, 1.0007)

1.0008*

(1.0003, 1.001)

1.349**

(1.309, 1.377)

0.582**

(0.501, 0.67)

Under5 mortality

1.0004

(0.9997, 1.001)

1.0006*

(1.0001, 1.001)

1.419***

(1.377, 1.462)

0.477***

(0.406, 0.565)

Maternal mortality

1.0001*

(1.0003, 1.002)

1.002**

(1.001, 1.003)

1.363***

(1.323, 1.404)

0.501***

(0.423, 0.594)

Nutrition-related outcomes
Malnutrition mortality

1.0003

(0.999, 1.001)

1.001**

(1.0007, 1.002)

1.682***

(1.599, 1.768)

0.353***

(0.267, 0.463)

Malnutrition prevalence

1.0004

(0.999, 1.0008)

1.001**

(1.0006, 1.001)

1.197**

(1.161, 1.20)

0.65**

(0.588, 0.733)

Communicable disease outcomes
Diarrheal disease mortality

1.0007

(0.9997, 1.002)

1.002**

(1.002, 1.003)

1.632***

(1.552, 1.682)

0.402***

(0.323, 0.506)

Diarrheal disease prevalence

1.0008**

(1.0003, 1.001)

0.001**

(1.0009, 1.002)

1.173**

(1.15, 1.197)

0.740**

(0.663, 0.818)

TB mortality

1.0004

(0.99, 1.0005)

1.001**

(1.0009, 1.002)

1.377***

(1.336. 1.419)

0.458***

(-0.386, 0.543)

TB prevalence

1.0004*

(1.0001, 1.0008)

1.0009**

(1.0006, 1.001)

1.138***

(1.116, 1.15)

0.704**

(0.625, 0.794)

HIV/AIDS mortality

1.001

(0.9999, 1.003)

1.001

(0.9995, 1.002)

1.008

(0.917, 1.072)

0.543*

(0.165, 0.86)

HIV/AIDS prevalence

1.002*

(1.0003, 1.003)

1.002*

(1.009, 1.003

0.975*

(0.968, 0.982)

0.763

(0.527, 1.10)

Noncommunicable disease outcomes
Cardiovascular diseases mortality

1.0007*

(1.0004, 1.001)

1.0005**

(1.0002, 1.0008)

1.017*

(1.002, 1.377)

0.843**

(0.771, 0.913)

Cardiovascular diseases prevalence

1.0007**

(1.0004, 1.0009)

1.0008**

(1.0005, 1.001)

0.936**

(0.923, 0.946)

0.99

(0.932, 1.052)

Diabetes mellitus mortality

1.001*

(1.0007, 0.002)

1.001**

(1.0008, 1.001)

0.915**

(0.895, 0.941)

2.054

(0.935, 1.233)

Diabetes mellitus prevalence

1.0016**

(1.001, 1.002)

1.002**

(1.001, 1.002)

0.778**

(0.763, 0.802)

1.363**

(1.197, 1.552)

* p value > 0.05; ‘**’ p value > 0.01 **