Table 3.
Genetic diversity indices of Peruvian maize germplasm based on 14,235 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
| Race (or cultivar type) | Number of accessions | NA | AR | HO | HE | FIS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ancashino | 35 | 2.000 ± 0.01 | 1.360 ± 0.12 | 0.263 ± 0.16 | 0.362 ± 0.12 | 0.274 [0.27;0.28] |
| Chullpi | 43 | 1.999 ± 0.02 | 1.353 ± 0.12 | 0.264 ± 0.16 | 0.354 ± 0.12 | 0.254 [0.25;0.26] |
| Cusco | 44 | 2.000 ± 0.02 | 1.349 ± 0.12 | 0.278 ± 0.16 | 0.350 ± 0.12 | 0.205 [0.2;0.21] |
| Cusco Gigante | 41 | 1.996 ± 0.06 | 1.336 ± 0.13 | 0.262 ± 0.17 | 0.337 ± 0.13 | 0.223 [0.22;0.23] |
| Huayleño | 28 | 1.998 ± 0.05 | 1.355 ± 0.13 | 0.265 ± 0.16 | 0.357 ± 0.13 | 0.257 [0.25;0.26] |
| Pachia | 43 | 1.988 ± 0.11 | 1.332 ± 0.15 | 0.249 ± 0.17 | 0.333 ± 0.14 | 0.253 [0.25;0.26] |
| Paro | 40 | 2.000 ± 0.01 | 1.356 ± 0.12 | 0.277 ± 0.16 | 0.357 ± 0.12 | 0.225 [0.22;0.23] |
| Pisccorunto | 41 | 1.999 ± 0.03 | 1.346 ± 0.12 | 0.274 ± 0.17 | 0.347 ± 0.12 | 0.211 [0.2;0.22] |
| Purple corn (OP) | 15 | 1.914 ± 0.28 | 1.313 ± 0.17 | 0.190 ± 0.17 | 0.318 ± 0.17 | 0.401 [0.39;0.41] |
| San Gerónimo | 41 | 1.999 ± 0.02 | 1.350 ± 0.12 | 0.267 ± 0.16 | 0.351 ± 0.12 | 0.238 [0.23;0.24] |
| San Gerónimo Huancavelicano | 50 | 2.000 ± 0.01 | 1.354 ± 0.12 | 0.270 ± 0.16 | 0.355 ± 0.12 | 0.239 [0.23;0.24] |
| Yellow maize (hybrid) | 2 | 1.440 ± 0.52 | NA | 0.230 | 0.297 | 0.227 |
| Cluster (C) | ||||||
| C1 | 112 | 2.000 ± 0 | 1.349 ± 0.12 | 0.274 ± 0.15 | 0.350 ± 0.12 | 0.217 [0.21;0.22] |
| C2 | 18 | 1.948 ± 0.22 | 1.325 ± 0.16 | 0.198 ± 0.16 | 0.329 ± 0.16 | 0.399 [0.39;0.4] |
| C3 | 31 | 1.999 ± 0.03 | 1.353 ± 0.12 | 0.263 ± 0.17 | 0.355 ± 0.12 | 0.258 [0.25;0.26] |
| C4 | 91 | 2.000 ± 0.01 | 1.342 ± 0.12 | 0.272 ± 0.16 | 0.343 ± 0.12 | 0.206 [0.2;0.21] |
| C5 | 76 | 2.000 ± 0 | 1.359 ± 0.11 | 0.268 ± 0.15 | 0.360 ± 0.11 | 0.255 [0.25;0.26] |
| C6 | 7 | 1.852 ± 0.35 | 1.326 ± 0.18 | 0.247 ± 0.22 | 0.333 ± 0.19 | 0.258 [0.25;0.27] |
| C7 | 43 | 1.988 ± 0.11 | 1.332 ± 0.14 | 0.249 ± 0.17 | 0.333 ± 0.14 | 0.253 [0.25;0.26] |
| C8 | 1 | 0.019 ± 0.14 | NA | 0.004 ± 0.06 | 0.004 | -0.001 |
| C9 | 42 | 1.998 ± 0.04 | 1.346 ± 0.13 | 0.262 ± 0.16 | 0.348 ± 0.13 | 0.246 [0.24;0.25] |
| C10 | 2 | 1.342 ± 0.49 | NA | 0.250 ± 0.38 | 0.190 ± 0.26 | -0.311 [-0.43;-0.39] |
NA, number of different alleles; AR, allelic richness; HO, observed heterozygosity; HE, expected heterozygosity; FIS, inbreeding coefficient. Values after ± represent standard deviation. Number in brackets correspond to 95% confidence intervals. NA, not applicable as number of samples is limited.