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. 2025 Mar 10;116(1):48. doi: 10.1007/s00223-025-01357-x

Table 2.

Fixed bias, proportional bias, 95% limits of agreement (95%LA), and 95% tolerance limits with 95% confidence (95%TL) for ROI and loading condition

Fixed bias Proportional bias  ± 95%LA  ± 95%TL
Bias 95%CIFB t19 PFB (r)PB 95%CIPB PPB
NWB–BW −0.4 (−8.8 to 7.9) −0.11 .92 −0.04 (−0.48 to 0.41) .85 35.0 52.5
NWB–FG 1.2 (−4.1 to 6.4) 0.47 .64 −0.15 (−0.56 to 0.31) .52 21.9 32.9
NWB–JA 4.0 (−1.8 to 9.8) 1.44 .17 0.19 (−0.27 to 0.59) .42 24.4 36.6
SWB–BW 3.6 (−2.5 to 9.8) 1.23 .23 0.21 (−0.26 to 0.60) .38 25.7 38.7
SWB–FG −0.7 (−5.9 to 4.5) −0.28 .78 −0.03 (−0.47 to 0.42) .90 21.7 32.6
SWBJA −0.9 (−3.3 to 1.4) −0.83 .42 0.36 (−0.10 to 0.69) .12 10.0 15.1
DLS–BW 1.5 (−4.6 to 7.6) 0.51 .61 0.08 (−0.37 to 0.51) .73 25.4 38.1
DLS–FG −0.8 (−4.9 to 3.3) −0.42 .68 −0.06 (−0.49 to 0.39) .79 17.1 25.7
DLS–JA 1.2 (−1.6 to 3.9) 0.89 .39 −0.25 (−0.63 to 0.21) .28 11.6 25.6
SLS–BW 6.9 (−3.1 to 16.9) 1.44 .16 −0.06 (−0.49 to 0.39) .80 41.8 62.7
SLS–FG 2.9 (−0.1 to 5.9) 2.06 .05 0.15 (−0.32 to 0.56) .53 12.5 18.7
SLS–JA 3.0 (−0.4 to 6.4) −6.4 .08 0.19 (−0.28 to 0.58) .44 14.3 21.4

NWB non-weightbearing; SWB semi-weightbearing; DLS dual limb stance; SLS single limb stance; BW Brooke-Wavell [15]; JA Jaworski [5]; FG foot gauge