Fig. 6.

There are positive relationships between specific conductance and concentrations of salt ions and nutrients and dissolved inorganic carbon (as represented by alkalinity) in streams and rivers across the U.S. monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). These positive relationships demonstrate that many different elements are either co-mobilized or transported along with salt ions in watersheds. Specific conductance is a surrogate or proxy for many ions (Kaushal et al. 2018b, 2019, 2020, 2021). Information on USGS sites can be found in the Supporting Information