Table 4.
Age-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet score by number of behavioural risk factors, among South Asian adults in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study (n = 871)
| No behavioural risk factors (n = 130) | One behavioural risk factor (n = 352) | 2 behavioural risk factors (n = 268) |
3–4 behavioural risk factors (n = 121) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reference | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | β | 95% CI | P trend a | |
| DASH diet score (continuous) | ||||||||
| Age adjusted | 0.00 | –0.77 | –1.62, 0.07 | –2.31 | –3.19, –1.43 | –3.98 | –5.02, –2.93 | <0.0001 |
| Model 1 b | 0.00 | –0.55 | –1.37, 0.28 | –1.85 | –2.71, –0.99 | –3.07 | –4.11, –2.02 | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 c | 0.00 | –0.64 | –1.46, 0.17 | –1.99 | –2.83, –1.14 | –3.25 | –4.28, –2.21 | <0.0001 |
| Reference | RR | 95% CI | RR | 95% CI | RR | 95% CI | P trend a | |
| DASH diet score (low (13–20) vs. medium (21–28)) | ||||||||
| Age adjusted | 1.00 | 0.73 | 0.37, 1.43 | 0.39 | 0.20, 0.75 | 0.17 | 0.08, 0.34 | <0.0001 |
| Model 1 b | 1.00 | 0.84 | 0.42, 1.68 | 0.49 | 0.25, 0.96 | 0.24 | 0.11, 0.50 | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 c | 1.00 | 0.83 | 0.42, 1.66 | 0.49 | 0.25, 0.96 | 0.23 | 0.11. 0.49 | <0.0001 |
| DASH diet score (low (13–20) vs. high (29–35)) | ||||||||
| Age adjusted | 1.00 | 0.71 | 0.33, 1.49 | 0.21 | 0.10, 0.45 | 0.09 | 0.04, 0.22 | <0.0001 |
| Model 1 b | 1.00 | 0.86 | 0.40, 1.86 | 0.29 | 0.13, 0.63 | 0.16 | 0.06, 0.41 | <0.0001 |
| Model 2 c | 1.00 | 0.81 | 0.37, 1.76 | 0.26 | 0.12, 0.58 | 0.14 | 0.05, 0.37 | <0.0001 |
SE, standard error; CI, confidence interval.
a
P-trend calculated by unadjusted linear regression, using total behavioural risk factor score (0–4) as a continuous covariate.
b
Model 1: Adjusted for age, gender (men/women), per cent life lived in the U.S., education (≥Bachelors/<Bachelors), acculturation (assimilation, separation, integration).
c
Model 2: Model 1 + energy (kcal/d).