Table 1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients stratified by prescription fill status.
| Patient and prescriber characteristics | Overall (N=1254) | Prescription filled (n=976) | Prescription not filled (n=278) | SMDa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 14 (12-16) | 14 (12-16) | 14 (12-15) | 0.035 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.115 | |||
| Female | 838 (66.8) | 664 (68) | 174 (62.6) | |
| Male | 416 (33.2) | 312 (32) | 104 (37.4) | |
| Race or ethnicity, n (%) | 0.102 | |||
| Hispanic | 137 (10.9) | 106 (10.9) | 31 (11.2) | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 35 (2.8) | 25 (2.6) | 10 (3.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 242 (19.3) | 195 (20) | 47 (16.9) | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 700 (55.8) | 544 (55.7) | 156 (56.1) | |
| Other | 140 (11.2) | 106 (10.9) | 34 (12.2) | |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 21.90 (18.89-26.78) | 21.62 (18.89-26.10) | 22.86 (18.94-28.04) | 0.164 |
| ADIb state rank, median (IQR) | 3 (2-5) | 3 (2-5) | 3 (2-6) | 0.193 |
| Well-child visit in 2020, n (%) | 541 (43.1) | 448 (45.9) | 93 (33.5) | 0.257 |
| Well-child visit in 2021, n (%) | 725 (57.8) | 571 (58.5) | 154 (55.4) | 0.063 |
| Outpatient visit in 2020, n (%) | 960 (76.6) | 764 (78.3) | 196 (70.5) | 0.179 |
| Inpatient visit in 2020, n (%) | 10 (0.8) | 6 (0.6) | 4 (1.4) | 0.082 |
| Emergency department visit 2020, n (%) | 55 (4.4) | 42 (4.3) | 13 (4.7) | 0.018 |
| Primary payer, n (%) | 0.305 | |||
| Public | 558 (44.5) | 404 (41.4) | 154 (55.4) | |
| Private | 670 (53.4) | 554 (56.8) | 116 (41.7) | |
| Self-pay | 26 (2.1) | 18 (1.8) | 8 (2.9) | |
| Provider type, n (%) | 0.103 | |||
| Physician | 931 (72.8) | 715 (73.3) | 216 (77.7) | |
| Other provider type | 323 (25.8) | 261 (26.7) | 62 (22.3) | |
| Prescribing provider specialty, n (%) | 0.384 | |||
| Primary care | 1037 (82.7) | 833 (85.3) | 204 (73.4) | |
| Psychiatry | 56 (4.5) | 47 (4.8) | 9 (3.2) | |
| Other specialty | 151 (12) | 88 (9) | 63 (22.7) | |
| Unknown specialty | 10 (0.8) | 8 (0.8) | 2 (0.7) | |
| Prescribing clinic type, n (%) | 0.655 | |||
| Primary care | 913 (72.8) | 760 (77.9) | 153 (55) | |
| Behavioral health | 100 (8) | 87 (8.9) | 13 (4.7) | |
| Other clinic type | 140 (11.2) | 82 (8.4) | 58 (20.9) | |
| Unknown | 101 (8.1) | 47 (4.8) | 54 (19.4) | |
| Diagnosis at prescribing visit, n (%) | ||||
| Depression | 327 (26.1) | 262 (26.8) | 65 (23.4) | 0.080 |
| Anxiety | 670 (53.4) | 572 (58.6) | 98 (35.3) | 0.481 |
| ADHDc | 175 (14) | 138 (14.1) | 37 (13.3) | 0.024 |
| Headache | 185 (14.8) | 149 (15.3) | 36 (12.9) | 0.067 |
| Number of prescriptionsd at the prescribing encounter, median (IQR) | 1 (1-1) | 1 (1-1) | 1 (1-1) | 0.153 |
| Number of prescriptionsd in 2021, median (IQR) | 1 (1-2) | 2 (1-3) | 1 (1-2) | 0.31 |
| SSRIe received, n (%) | 1074 (85.6) | 858 (87.9) | 216 (77.7) | 0.273 |
| PHQ-9f score severity, n (%) | 0.39 | |||
| Nonminimal | 133 (10.6) | 94 (9.6) | 39 (14) | |
| Mild | 126 (10) | 100 (10.2) | 26 (9.4) | |
| Moderate | 132 (10.5) | 117 (12) | 15 (5.4) | |
| Moderately severe | 125 (10) | 108 (11.1) | 17 (6.1) | |
| Severe | 103 (8.2) | 89 (9.1) | 14 (5) | |
| Not taken | 635 (50.6) | 468 (48) | 167 (60.1) | |
a
SMD: standardized mean difference.
b
ADI: Area Deprivation Index.
c
ADHD: attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
d
It refers to psychotropic medication prescriptions.
e
SSRI: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.
f
PHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire-9.